Electronegativity And Polarity Flashcards
What is electronegativity?
The attraction of a bonded atom for the pair of electrons in a covalent bond
What would happen to the electrons if the covalent bonded pairs were the same?
The atoms would share the electrons evenly
What would happen to the electrons if the covalent bonded pairs were different?
The bonded electron pair would not be shared equally
How is electronegativity measured?
The Pauling electronegativity scale.
Depends on the elements position in the periodic table
The larger the value, the more electronegative an element it is
How can you tell if the bond is covalent?
If the electronegativity difference is 0, it is covalent
How can you tell if the bond is polar covalent?
If the electronegativity difference is 0 to 1.8, it is polar covalent
How can you tell if the bond is ionic?
If the electronegativity difference is greater than 1.8
What is a non polar bond?
The bonded electron pair is shared equally between the bonded atoms
When will the bond be non polar?
The bonded atoms are the same
The bonded atoms have the same or similar electronegativity
What is a polar covalent bond?
Where the bonded electron pair is shared unequally between the bonded atom.
When will the bond be polar
When the bonded atoms are different and have a different electronegativity values resulting in a polar covalent bond.
The bond will be polarised with a + and - charge
What is a dipole?
The separation of opposite charges
What is a permanent dipole?
A dipole in a polar covalent bond does not change.
When will the molecule be polar?
When there are atoms with different electronegativity values
When the molecule is not symmetrical
Will polar molecules dissolve in polar solvents?
The polar solvent attracts the polar molecule
Polar molecule breaks down as it dissolves
Solvent molecules surround polar molecules and the opposite poles each other
