Acids And Redox Flashcards
What is the oxidation number?
Based on a set of rules that apply to atoms and can be thought of as the number of electrons involved in bonding to a different element.
What are the oxidation rules for elements?
The oxidation number is always 0 for elements or compounds with a single element
What are the oxidation rules for compounds and ions?
Each atom in a compound has an oxidation number
An oxidation number has a sign, which is placed before the number.
Oxidation number for O?
-2
The oxidation number of H
+1
Oxidation number of F
-1
Oxidation number of Na+, K+
+1
Oxidation number of Mg2+, Ca2+
+2
Oxidation number of Cl-, Br-, I-
-1
Oxidation number of H in metal hydrides
-1
Oxidation number of O in peroxides
-1
Oxidation number in O bonded to F
+2
How to work out oxidation numbers
Sum of oxidation numbers=total charge
Account for all elements and superscript numbers
Using Roman numerals in naming
Traditional and modern
Roman numerals are the modern names and shows oxidation number
Traditional names use -ate and -ite
-ite is 1 less than -ate
What does reduction mean?
Removal of oxygen
Gain in electrons
Decrease in oxidation number
What does oxidation mean?
Addition of oxygen
Loss of electrons
Increase in oxidation number
What are redox reactions?
Involve oxidation and reduction
When working out what has been reduced and oxidised, take into account, all elements in every compound
