Electronegativity

Question 1

what is electronegativity

Answer 1

power of an atom to pull the pair of electrons in a covalent bond towards itself.

Question 2

When does electronegativity increase / decrease

Answer 2

electronegativity increases along a period as nuclear charge increases

and decreases down a group and shielding increases

Question 3

what happens when electronegativity is great enough

Answer 3

ionic bond will form

Question 4

what is a polar bond

Answer 4

large difference in electronic negativity between two atoms forming covalent bonds

Question 5

what does the less/more electronegative atom get

Answer 5

less = delta plus
more = delta minus

Question 6

what are intramolecular forces

Answer 6

forces within a molecule and are usually covalent bonds

Question 7

Three types of intermolecular forces

Answer 7

Induced dipole: dipole forces also called van der Waals or London dispersion forces

Permanent dipole: dipole forces are the attractive forces between molecules permanent dipole

Hydrogen Bonding: Hydrogen bonding is a type of permanent dipole strongest intermolecular forces

Question 8

explain the strength of Van Der Waals forces

Answer 8

depends on Mr and shape

Greater the Mr of the molecule, the stronger the intermolecular forces.

straight chain experience stronger than branched as more pack together, reducing the distance making the intermolecular forces stronger