Electrolysis Flashcards
Give the metals in order of their reactivity series
Potassium Sodium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium Carbon Zinc Iron Tin Lead Hydrogen Copper Silver Gold Platinium
What are Gold and Silver called
Native metals
Occur in the earth’s crust as the metal itself
The extraction of a metal from it’s ore often involves removing………….from it’s ore
This is known as………….
Oxygen
Reduction
How can reduction tae place
By reacting the ore with a more reactive element in a DISPLACEMENT reaction
What is the reducing agent
Substance which reduces something else
Why is electrolysis used
Extraction of metals above Carbon in the reactivity series can not be obtained by reduction using Carbon
Instead these metals are extracted using electricity
Al2O3 has a very high melting point so it is dissolved in……………….so that it has a lower melting point (…….˚C)
Molten Cryolite
1000˚C
In industry the metals are extracted from their ores by:
………………if the metal is more reactive than Carbon
………………if the metal is less reactive than Carbon
Electrolysis
Displacement
Electrolysis is the break down of an………………….using electricity
Ionic substance
……..move to the electrode
…………form at the electrodes
Ions
Elements
Is the anode negative or positive
Positive
In electrolysis does the metal go to the anode or cathode
Cathode = negative Metals = positive
Give the equation that happens at the cathode and anode for the electrolysis of Lead Bromide
Pb(2+) +2e(-) = Pb
2Br(-) = Br2 +2e(-) Bubbles of orange vapour
In metallic conduction, the current is carried by the…………………….
Flow of electrons
In Electrolysis, current is carried by…………………….
Charged particles move in……………….
there is a chemical reaction at the electrodes, the ions become……………
Ions being able to move
Both directions
Elements
What is oxidation
When a substance gains oxygen
What is reduction
When a substance looses oxygen
Give the half equation that happens at the anode and cathode for CuCl2
Anode:
Cl2(-) = Cl2 +2e(-)
Cathode:
Cu(2+) + 2e(-) = Cu
Which elements travel in pairs
Hydrogen, (N2) Nitrogen, (O2) Oxygen, (F2) Fluorine, (Cl2) Chlorine, (I2) Iodine and (Br2) Bromine.
Now Order a Fresh Cold Beer Immediately
When ions are in solution they can also move and be electrolysed but the presence of…………can change the expected products
Water
Give the chemical equation for water
H2O ⇄ H(+) + OH(-)
Give the equation for water in electrolysis
4OH(-) = 2H2O +O2 +4e(-)
In solutions, give the rule on wether the metal or hydrogen reacts
If the metal is less reactive than the hydrogen, then the hydrogen reacts at the cathode
In solutions, give the rule on wether OH or ion reacts
If it is a halide ion than it will react at the anode instead of OH
Give the test for halogens
Bleaches litmus paper
