Alcohols and Carboxylic Acids

Question 1

What does the empirical formula show

Answer 1

The simples ratio from carbons to hydrogens

Question 2

Are alkanes saturated or unsaturated

Answer 2

Saturated - No double bonds

Question 3

Define an Isomer

Answer 3

Same molecular formula but different displayed formula

Question 4

What happens in a addition reaction

Answer 4

Bromine breaks the double bond and hangs on at the bottom

ALKENE

Question 5

What happens in a substation reaction

Answer 5

One bromine replaces the hydrogen
The replaced hydrogen joins to the other bromine

UV LIGHT!!!
ALKANE!!!

Question 6

What colour happens in addition collar wise with alkenes and alkanes

Answer 6

Alkenes - bromine water turns colourless

Alkanes - bromine water stays orange

Question 7

What is the structural and displayed formula of methanol

Answer 7

H
H-C-O-H
H

CH3OH

Question 8

What is the functional group of alcohols

Answer 8

-OH

Question 9

What happens to the boiling point the bigger the alcohol

Answer 9

Chains get bigger = bigger surface area = more intermolecular forces

Therefore more energy to overcome

Question 10

Give the structural formula of propanol

Answer 10

CH3CH2CH2OH

Question 11

Give the name -

CH3COOH

Answer 11

Ethanoic acid

Question 12

Draw the displayed formula of Propanoic acid

Answer 12

……H..H…O
H - C -C - C
……..H…H..OH

Question 13

Give the structural formula of ethanoic acid

Answer 13

CH3COOH

Question 14

Give 3 essentials in making ethanol by the hydration of ethene

Answer 14

Catalyst - Phosphoric Acid
Temperature - 300˚C
Pressure - 60-70 atm

Question 15

Give the word equation of the hydration of ethene

Answer 15

ethene + water = ethanol

Question 16

Is the hydration of ethene pure or impure

Answer 16

Pure

Question 17

Is the hydration of ethene a continuous or batch process

Answer 17

Continuous

Question 18

Is the hydration of ethene, describe the rate of reaction

Answer 18

Fast

Question 19

What is fermentation

Answer 19

Conversion of sugar into ethanol by the enzymes in yeast

Process at 30˚C so as to not to denature the enzymes

Done in the absence of air (anaerobic reparation)

Question 20

Give the word equation in fermentation

Answer 20

Glucose = ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 21

Give the advantages of the hydration method

Answer 21

Fast
Pure
Cheaper
Continuous

Question 22

Give the advantages of fermentation

Answer 22

Renewable

Can be done on a small scale

Question 23

Give the disadvantages of the hydration of ethene

Answer 23

Non-renewable

Large factory and infrastructure required

Question 24

Give the disadvantages of fermentation

Answer 24

Slow
Impure
More expensive

Question 25

Give 3 ways in which alcohols can be oxidised

Answer 25

Combustion Microbal oxidation Heating with Potassium Dichromate

Question 26

Give the word equation with ethanol

Answer 26

Ethanol + Oxygen = carbon dioxide + water

Question 27

Describe what happens in oxidation by microbial

Answer 27

The ethanol in the wine is oxidised by the air with the help of micro-organisms such as bacteria or yeast to form ethanoic acid

Question 28

What colour is Potassium Dichromate

Answer 28

Orange

Question 29

What colour does Potassium Dichromate when added to ethanol

Answer 29

Green

Question 30

Give the chemical equation for the reaction of ethanol with potassium Dichromate

Answer 30

CH3CH2OH + 2(O) = CH3COOH + H2O

Question 31

Metal + acid =

Answer 31

Salt + Hydrogen

Question 32

Carboxylic acids are.........acids

Answer 32

Weak

Question 33

Lithium + ethanoic acid = Li + CH3COOH =

Answer 33

Lithium ethanoate + hydrogen CH3OOLi + H2

Question 34

Give the chemical equation between Propanoic acid and Strontium Oxide

Answer 34

CH3CH2COOH + SRO = (CH3CH2COO)2SR + H2O

Question 35

Whats an ester

Answer 35

Formed when an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid

Question 36

What is the functional group of alkenes

Answer 36

C=C

Question 37

What is the functional group of Alcohols

Answer 37

-OH

Question 38

What is the functional group of Carboxylic acids

Answer 38

COOH

Question 39

What is the functional group of Esters

Answer 39

O = -O-C-C