Alkenes and Polymers Flashcards
What is Organic Chemistry
The study of compounds containing carbon
What is cracking
The thermal decomposition of a long chained hydro-carbon into a short - chained hydrocarbon.
What is an alkene
A family of hydrocarbons with a general formula of CnH2n
What 3 characteristics does the homologous series have
Similar chemical properties
Trend in physical properties
Same general formula
What is the structural formula
e.g CH3CHCH3CH3
How does fractional distillation work
1) Crude oil is heated to make it a gas
2) Passed into the bottom of fractional distillation column
3) Lighter fractions condense at lower temperatures. Heavier fractions condense at higher temperatures.
4) The tower is hotter at the bottom and cooler at the top, so heavier fractions condense nearer the bottom and lighter ones at the top.
What is an isomer
A molecule that has the same molecular formula but different structure
Give all the crude oil products, starting from the top
Refinery gasses Gasoline (Petrol) Kerosene (aircraft fuel) Disel (Trucks) Fuel oil (Ships) Bitumen (Tar)
Alkenes are described as……..because they have…..carbon-carbon………bond, which means more hydrogen atoms can be……
Unsaturated
One
Double
Added
What is the displayed formula of propene
H | H - C = C - C - H | | | H H H
In what circumstances does an alkane react with bromine
It reacts if it is in the presence of UV light.
What is meant by substitution
A hydrogen atom in the alkane is replaced by a bromine atom
How does an alkene react with bromine
The double bond is broken and the bromine atoms are added. UV light is NOT NEEDED!
What is the Homologous series
A family of compounds that have similar chemical properties, a trend in physical properties but same general formula.
What does Saturated mean
An organic molecule with only single bonds