Condensation Polymers Flashcards
What is addition polymerisation
Under the right conditions, molecules containing carbon-carbon double bonds can join together and produce very long chains
Part of the double bond is broken and the electrons in it are used to join to a neighbouring molecule.
Describes the situation where many monomers jin together to make a single long polymer chain
Give that 3 things that change as a monomer changes into a polymer
Monomer = double bond s Polymer = single bonds
Monomers are individual molecules
Ethene = gas Polythene = solid
When drawing polymerisation always make sure that all carbs are drawn in a single……………………….
Horizontal line
Give the 3 steps from monomer to polymer when drawn
Monomer
Repeat Unit
Polymer
What is the repeat unit
No double bonds
Jazz hands
Draw polyethene
```H H
(-C-C-) n
….H..H
What is polytetraflouroethene
2 carbons with 4 florins coming off instead of hydrogen
Give some good things about addition polymers
Cheap to make (readily available oil)
Strong compared to their weight
Give some problems with addition polymers
Inert (unreactive) because they have strong C-C bonds
ard to dispose of since they are not easily broken down by bacteria in the environment
Important that plastics are recycled
Give some uses of polyethene
Low density
- Thin film (bags)
High Density
- Plastic bottles
- Crates
- Buckets
- Pipes
Give some uses of polypropylene
Ropes + cartes
Medical equipment
Give some uses of polychloroethene
Water pipes
Replacement windows
Don’t conduct electricity so can be used as insulators to coat wires
Give some uses for polytetraflouroethene
Non stick coating for pots and pans
Very unreactive
What is the fictional group of an alcohol
-OH
What is the fictional group of an acid
COOH
Double bond C
Ethanol + Propanoic acid =
Ethypropanoate + water
What are condensation polymers
Formed from 2 different monomers which join together alternately.
Where each bind forms, a small molecule such as water or hydrogen chloride is lost
When the two monomers are used as a diol and a dicarboxylic acid a polyester is formed
What is a diol
An alcohol with two -OH functional groups at each end
What is a dicarboxylic acid
A carboxylic acid with two -COOH functional groups, one at each end
Give the structural formula for Propane-1,3-diol
CH2OH, CH2, CH2OH
Give the structural formula of hexane-1,6-dioic acid
HOOC,CH2,CH2,CH2, CH2, COOH
Why does combustion in a car engine produce nitrogen oxide
Nitrogen oxide can only be produced at very high temperatures
How does the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels result in the formation of sulphur dioxide
Fossil fuels contain a small amount of sulphur, when the fuel is burnt the sulphur is released and reacts with oxygen producing it
S + O2 = SO2
How is acid rain formed
When oxygen and water in the atmosphere react with sulphur dioxide to produce sulphuric acid or with various oxides of Nitrogen to produce nitric acid
