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Science > Electrolysis > Flashcards

Electrolysis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an electrolyte

A

a substance electrolysis is carried out on

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2
Q

What must first be done for electrolysis

A

add heat to melt the electrolyte

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3
Q

why must the electrolyte be heated

A

To break down the electrolyte to separate the ions

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4
Q

What is the positive electrode called

A

Anode

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5
Q

What is the negatively electrode called

A

Cathode

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6
Q

Metal is formed at with electrode

A

Cathode

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7
Q

How are the ions made into atoms

A

Positive ions combine with electrons running through the circuit to produce atoms on the cathode, negative ions lose electrons to form atoms

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8
Q

Oxidisation is when

A

ions lose atoms

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9
Q

Reduction is when

A

ions gain atoms

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10
Q

What is the other form electrolysis can take place in

A

dissolved in solution

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11
Q

What other two ions are in solutions during electrolysis

A

hydroxide and hydrogen ions

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12
Q

Which substance is formed collected at the electrodes in solutions

A

The less reactive one

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13
Q

What is electroplating used for

A

Coating metal with another metal

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14
Q

In electroplating, which electrode should the desired base be

A

The cathode

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15
Q

What is Brine

A

Sodium chloride solution

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16
Q

What separates the positive and negative area in the brine process

A

Porous membrane

17
Q

Where is chlorine used ( 3 )

A

1/ Bleach
2/ Disinfectant
3/ Plastics

18
Q

Where is hydrogen used

A

1/ margarine

19
Q

Where is sodium hydroxide used

A

1/ detergents

20
Q

What is bauxite

A

aluminum ore

21
Q

What is the first stage of extracting aluminum

A

removing impurities

22
Q

Why cant you react aluminum oxide with carbon

A

The aluminum is more reactive than the carbon

23
Q

What are the electrodes made from in the aluminum process

A

carbon

24
Q

Why is melting aluminum a problem

A

it melts at about 2000C

25
Q

What lowers the melting point in the aluminum process and to what temperature

A

cryolite at 850C

26
Q

Where does the aluminum collect

A

At the bottom

27
Q

Why does the anode need to be replaced in the aluminum process

A

The oxygen reacts with the carbon anode

Science (12 decks)

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