Electrolysis Flashcards
What is an electrolyte
a substance electrolysis is carried out on
What must first be done for electrolysis
add heat to melt the electrolyte
why must the electrolyte be heated
To break down the electrolyte to separate the ions
What is the positive electrode called
Anode
What is the negatively electrode called
Cathode
Metal is formed at with electrode
Cathode
How are the ions made into atoms
Positive ions combine with electrons running through the circuit to produce atoms on the cathode, negative ions lose electrons to form atoms
Oxidisation is when
ions lose atoms
Reduction is when
ions gain atoms
What is the other form electrolysis can take place in
dissolved in solution
What other two ions are in solutions during electrolysis
hydroxide and hydrogen ions
Which substance is formed collected at the electrodes in solutions
The less reactive one
What is electroplating used for
Coating metal with another metal
In electroplating, which electrode should the desired base be
The cathode
What is Brine
Sodium chloride solution
What separates the positive and negative area in the brine process
Porous membrane
Where is chlorine used ( 3 )
1/ Bleach
2/ Disinfectant
3/ Plastics
Where is hydrogen used
1/ margarine
Where is sodium hydroxide used
1/ detergents
What is bauxite
aluminum ore
What is the first stage of extracting aluminum
removing impurities
Why cant you react aluminum oxide with carbon
The aluminum is more reactive than the carbon
What are the electrodes made from in the aluminum process
carbon
Why is melting aluminum a problem
it melts at about 2000C
What lowers the melting point in the aluminum process and to what temperature
cryolite at 850C
Where does the aluminum collect
At the bottom
Why does the anode need to be replaced in the aluminum process
The oxygen reacts with the carbon anode
