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Science > Acids, bases and salts > Flashcards

Acids, bases and salts Flashcards

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1
Q

When an acid and a base is reacted what type of reaction is present

A

Neutralisation - exothermic

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2
Q

What are 3 acids

A

Nitric, hydrochloric and sulfuric acids

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3
Q

All of what type of compounds are bases

A

metal hydroxides & metal oxides

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4
Q

Give an example of a metal oxide

A

Iron oxide

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5
Q

What is a base that dissolved in water called

A

an alkali

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6
Q

How can you see if a substance is an acid or alkali

A

pH scale and having a universal indicator

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7
Q

What number is neutral on the pH scale

A

7

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8
Q

The lower the pH, the

A

the more acidic the substance is

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9
Q

The higher the pH, the

A

the more alkali the substance is

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10
Q

what is the highest value

A

13

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11
Q

What ions are in acidic substances

A

hydrogen ions

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12
Q

What ions are in alkali substances

A

hydroxide ions

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13
Q

Hydrogen ions have what charge and what state of matter is it

A

positive, aqueous

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14
Q

Hydroxide ions have what charge and what state of matter is it

A

negative, aqueous

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15
Q

What do the ions in acids and alkalies join to form, and what and state of matter is it

A

H20 (water), liquid

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16
Q

What are the 3 ways of making soluble salts

A

1/ acid + metal –> salt + hydrogen
2/ acid + insoluble base –> salt + water
3/ acid + alkali —> salt + water

17
Q

What is the first step to making a soluble salt via acid + insoluble base

A

1/ putting the base in acid until it stops reacting

18
Q

What is the second step to making an soluble via acid + insoluble base

A

2/ Filtering the solution using filter paper

19
Q

What is the third step to making a soluble salt via acid + insoluble base

A

Making the salt in crystals by adding the solution to an evaporating dish, turn on and evaporate some of the copper sulphate and leave it for some time leaving crystals

20
Q

What is the first step to making a soluble salt via acid + alkali —> salt + water

A

add acid to alkali with UI until it goes green, measuring amount of acid used

21
Q

What is the second step to making a soluble salt via acid + alkali —> salt + water

A

Making the salt in crystals by adding the solution to an evaporating dish, turn on and evaporate some of the copper sulphate and leave it for some time

22
Q

Hydrochloric acid makes

A

Chlorides

23
Q

Sulfuric acid makes

A

Sulphates

24
Q

Nitric acid makes

A

Nitrates

25
Q

What is a precipitate

A

when a solid substance is formed by two liquids

26
Q

What is the first step to making an insoluble salt

A

Mixing two solutions

27
Q

What is the second step to making an insoluble salt

A

Filter the precipitate and dry

28
Q

What is effluent

A

waste produced by factories with poisonous ions

29
Q

What is meant by (aq)

A

aqueous (dissolved in water, or in solution)

Science (12 decks)

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