Electrolosis

Question 1

Cation

Answer 1

Positive ion

Question 2

Cathode

Answer 2

Negative electrode

Question 3

Anion

Answer 3

Negative ion

Question 4

Anode

Answer 4

Positive electrode

Question 5

Ion

Answer 5

Charged atom or molecule

Question 6

Electrolysis

Answer 6

Breakdown of a compound using electricity

Question 7

Compound

Answer 7

Two or more elements chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio

Question 8

Reduction

Answer 8

Gain in electrons

Losing oxygen

Question 9

Oxidation

Answer 9

Loss of electrons

Adding oxygen

Question 10

Electrolyte

Answer 10

Compound undergoing electrolysis that conducts electricity

Question 11

Process of electrolysis

Answer 11

The process of electrolysis is where you pass electricity through a substance to spilt it into simpler species. To do this, an ionic solid must be melted so that the ions can move and conduct electricity.

Question 12

Panic

Answer 12

Positive in anode

Negative is cathode

Question 13

What is redox

Answer 13

When oxidation and reduction happen at the same time

Question 14

OIL RIG

Answer 14

Oxidation is loss of electrons

Reduction is gain of electrons

Question 15

Lead (lll) Bromide

Answer 15

PbBr2

Question 16

Hydroxide

Answer 16

OH-

Question 17

Carbonate

Answer 17

2-

Co3

Question 18

Sulfate

Answer 18

2-

So4

Question 19

Nitrate

Answer 19

-

No3

Question 20

Ammonium

Answer 20

-

NH4

Question 21

In the electrolysis of lead ll bromide, what happens at the anode?

Answer 21

Br- ions go to the anode, they lose electrons (oxidised) they join up and form Bromine, (Br2)

2Br- goes to Br2+2e-

Question 22

During the electrolysis of lead ll Bromide, what happens at cathode?

Answer 22

Pb2+ ions go to the cathode. They gain electrons (reduced) lead forms.

Pb2+ -2e- goes to Pb

Question 23

Sodium chloride

Answer 23

Chorine- product at anode

Sodium- product at cathode

Question 24

How to extract metal with charcoal

Answer 24

1- put one spatula of copper oxide into a crucible

2- add one spatula or charcoal (don’t mix)

3- put lid on and hear strongly for at least 5 mins

4- allow to cool

Question 25

The reaction of metal with charcoal

Answer 25

Copper oxide + carbon --heat> copper + carbon dioxide. 2Cuo+ C(s) --> 2Cu(s) + Co2(g) In this reaction carbon is more reactive than copper and so it takes the oxygen away from the copper oxide. Copper oxide loses oxygen- reduced Carbon gains oxygen- oxidised

Question 26

Iron ore

Answer 26

Fe2O3 haematite

Question 27

Calcium carbonate

Answer 27

CaCo3

Question 28

What things go into a blast furnace

Answer 28

Iron ore (fe203 heamatite) coke carbon and limestone (calcium carbonate CaCo3

Question 29

Steel lined

Answer 29

With heat resistant brick

Question 30

The blast furnace is used to extract

Answer 30

Iron from iron ore

Question 31

Why is carbon used to extract

Answer 31

Because it is more reactive than iron and takes the oxygen away

Question 32

Exothermic, main source of heat in he blast furnace

Answer 32

Carbon+oxygen --> Carbon Dioxide

Question 33

Main reducing agent in blast furnace

Answer 33

Carbon dioxide + carbon --> carbon monoxide (2Co)

Question 34

Iron (lll) oxide is then reduced to from iron the word equation for this is as follows:

Answer 34

Iron (lll) oxide + Carbon Dioxide --> iron + Carbon dioxide

Question 35

Molten iron

Answer 35

2Fe (l)

Question 36

Limestone decomposes to form

Answer 36

Calcium oxide, this then reacts with the main impurity which is silicon dioxide (SiO2) this forms calcium silicate

Question 37

Calcium silicate

Answer 37

CaSiO3

Question 38

Slag floats...

Answer 38

On top of the iron and can be used in road making CaCo3--> Cao+Co2 Cao+SiO2-->CaSiO3

Question 39

What metals are useful but rust

Answer 39

Iron and steel

Question 40

Rust forms in the presence of

Answer 40

Oxygen and water

Question 41

What speeds up the rusting process

Answer 41

Salt

Question 42

Electric current

Answer 42

a flow of electrons of ions

Question 43

how to prevent rust

Answer 43

paint- creates a barrier so that water and oxygen can't get to the iron oil (e.g. bike chain) Galvanizing- coat the iron in zinc. the zinc reacts with oxygen to form a protective layer of zinc oxide.

Question 44

Aluminium's ore

Answer 44

Bauxite

Question 45

What happens in aluminium extraction

Answer 45

The aluminium oxide= Al2O3 Once melted, the jobs are: Al3+ and O2-

Question 46

What happens in aluminium extraction at the Cathode

Answer 46

Al3+ ions go to the cathode. They gain electrons and aluminium forms. This is reduction

Question 47

What happens in aluminium extraction at the cathode eq

Answer 47

Al3+ + 3e- ------> Al

Question 48

What happens in aluminium extraction at the anode

Answer 48

O2- ions go to the anode. They lose electrons and oxygen forms, this is oxidation

Question 49

What happens in aluminium extraction at the anode eq

Answer 49

2O2- ------> O2 + 4e- The oxygen reacts with carbon anodes to make C02 C + 02 -------> C02

Question 50

What's irons ore

Answer 50

Haemotite

Question 51

What's an ore

Answer 51

An oxidised metal- a metal in the earth combined with oxygen

Question 52

The aluminium extraction at the anode...

Answer 52

This wears away the abodes so they need replacing regularly. EXPENSIVE!!! Electiricy is also expensive

Question 53

the third blast furnace equation

Answer 53

fe203 + 3Co--> 2fe + 3CO2