Elbow - Lecture

Question 1

Which joint allows for flexion and extension at the elbow

Answer 1

Ulnohumeral

Question 2

At which ROM is there no bony surface contact between the Radius and Capitulum of the Humerus

Answer 2

full extension

Question 3

Which portion of the MCL provides most stability against Valgus force

Answer 3

AMCL

Question 4

How would you remove most activity of the Biceps Brachii with positioning of the elbow

Answer 4

Tends not to be active in flexion when forearm is pronated

Question 5

What nerves are contained within the cubital fossa

Answer 5

Radial and Median

Question 6

What is the lamens term for Extensor Tendinopathy or Lateral Epicondylosis ?

Answer 6

Tennis elbow

Question 7

Where is pain palpable in extensor tendinopathy

Answer 7

1-2 cm distal from the common extensor attachment site

Question 8

What movements are painful upon assessment of an extensor tendinopathy

Answer 8

1. resisted wrist extension
2. extension of 3rd MCP
3. Gripping strength

Question 9

What position is most provocative to measure wrist extension in extensor tendinopathy

Answer 9

Pronation + radial deviation

Question 10

Radial Nerve Entrapment is an umbrella term for what two pathologies

Answer 10

1. RTS

2. PIN impingement

Question 11

Differentiate RTS and PIN

Answer 11

PIN = Pain and weakness

RTS = Pain

Question 12

Which movement is provocative for RTS and PIN (2)

Answer 12

1. Resisted 3rd digit extension

2. Resisted supination

Question 13

Where will RTS and Pin likely be tender to palpate

Answer 13

Over the Supinator

Question 14

Neural test to differentiate RTS and PIN from extensor tendinopathy ?

Answer 14

Radial Nerve tension testing will be positive for RTS and PIN

Question 15

Lamens term for Flexor/pronator tendinopathy ?

Answer 15

Golfers elbow

Question 16

What movements/contractions are most provocative with Flexor tendinopathy ?

Answer 16

1. Flexion contractions

2. Movements tested in extension and pronation

Question 17

What nerves may also be involved in Flexor tendinopathy ? (2)

Answer 17

1. Ulnar nerve

2. median nerve

Question 18

Which is more common, a chronic or acute MCL injury ?

Answer 18

Chronic

Question 19

Common cause of chronic MCL injury

Answer 19

throwing –> excessive valgus force –> potential acquired laxity

Question 20

What muscles should be targeted for MCL injuries

Answer 20

Pronator and forearm

Question 21

What is Cubital Tunnel Syndrome

Answer 21

Ulnar Nerve compression

Question 22

What can cause cubital tunnel syndrome (6)

Answer 22

1. Traction injuries
2. Recurrent nerve subluxation
3. Anatomical changes
4. Direct blow
5. Mechanically leaning on elbow
6. Hypertrophy of FCU

Question 23

What movement is most provocative for cubital tunnel syndrome

Answer 23

sustained flexion

Question 24

What is the treatment principle for cubital tunnel syndrome

Answer 24

Treat the underlying cause - valgus instability, leaning too much etc.

Question 25

Most common causes of posterior elbow pain (3)

Answer 25

1. Olecranon Bursitis
2. Triceps Tendinopathy - less common
3. Posterolateral impingement

Question 26

Special consideration when olecranon bursitis is present

Answer 26

look for systemic signs of inflammation

Question 27

What causes posterolateral impingement (2)

Answer 27

1. Bony changes (usually OA) around the olecranon

2. Acute event - forced into extension

Question 28

What movement is most painful for Posterolateral impingement ?

Answer 28

terminal elbow extension

Question 29

What mobs are useful for Posterolateral impingement

Answer 29

Mobs of the ulnohumeral joint

Question 30

Common point of entrapment for the Ulna nerve

Answer 30

Cubital tunnel

Guyon’s canal

Question 31

Common point of entrapment for the Median nerve

Answer 31

Carpal tunnel

Pronator Heads

Question 32

Common point of entrapment for the Radial nerve

Answer 32

Arcade of Frohse

Between supinator