Elbow - Lecture Flashcards
Which joint allows for flexion and extension at the elbow
Ulnohumeral
At which ROM is there no bony surface contact between the Radius and Capitulum of the Humerus
full extension
Which portion of the MCL provides most stability against Valgus force
AMCL
How would you remove most activity of the Biceps Brachii with positioning of the elbow
Tends not to be active in flexion when forearm is pronated
What nerves are contained within the cubital fossa
Radial and Median
What is the lamens term for Extensor Tendinopathy or Lateral Epicondylosis ?
Tennis elbow
Where is pain palpable in extensor tendinopathy
1-2 cm distal from the common extensor attachment site
What movements are painful upon assessment of an extensor tendinopathy
- resisted wrist extension
- extension of 3rd MCP
- Gripping strength
What position is most provocative to measure wrist extension in extensor tendinopathy
Pronation + radial deviation
Radial Nerve Entrapment is an umbrella term for what two pathologies
- RTS
2. PIN impingement
Differentiate RTS and PIN
PIN = Pain and weakness
RTS = Pain
Which movement is provocative for RTS and PIN (2)
- Resisted 3rd digit extension
2. Resisted supination
Where will RTS and Pin likely be tender to palpate
Over the Supinator
Neural test to differentiate RTS and PIN from extensor tendinopathy ?
Radial Nerve tension testing will be positive for RTS and PIN
Lamens term for Flexor/pronator tendinopathy ?
Golfers elbow
What movements/contractions are most provocative with Flexor tendinopathy ?
- Flexion contractions
2. Movements tested in extension and pronation
What nerves may also be involved in Flexor tendinopathy ? (2)
- Ulnar nerve
2. median nerve
Which is more common, a chronic or acute MCL injury ?
Chronic
Common cause of chronic MCL injury
throwing –> excessive valgus force –> potential acquired laxity
What muscles should be targeted for MCL injuries
Pronator and forearm
What is Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
Ulnar Nerve compression
What can cause cubital tunnel syndrome (6)
- Traction injuries
- Recurrent nerve subluxation
- Anatomical changes
- Direct blow
- Mechanically leaning on elbow
- Hypertrophy of FCU
What movement is most provocative for cubital tunnel syndrome
sustained flexion
What is the treatment principle for cubital tunnel syndrome
Treat the underlying cause - valgus instability, leaning too much etc.
Most common causes of posterior elbow pain (3)
- Olecranon Bursitis
- Triceps Tendinopathy - less common
- Posterolateral impingement
Special consideration when olecranon bursitis is present
look for systemic signs of inflammation
What causes posterolateral impingement (2)
- Bony changes (usually OA) around the olecranon
2. Acute event - forced into extension
What movement is most painful for Posterolateral impingement ?
terminal elbow extension
What mobs are useful for Posterolateral impingement
Mobs of the ulnohumeral joint
Common point of entrapment for the Ulna nerve
Cubital tunnel
Guyon’s canal
Common point of entrapment for the Median nerve
Carpal tunnel
Pronator Heads
Common point of entrapment for the Radial nerve
Arcade of Frohse
Between supinator
