Elbow Disorders

Question 1

• Little Leaguer’s Elbow

Answer 1

Avulsion of the medial epicondyle. Usually found in a child or adolescent and is usually associated with sports requiring strong throwing motions

Question 2

• Monteggia Fracture

Answer 2

A fracture of the ulna near the junction of its proximal and middle thirds associated with a dislocation of the radial head. These fractures are often classified by the direction of radial head dislocation: Type 1: The radial head is dislocated anteriorly with palmar angulation of the fractured shaft of the ulna- Occurs 60% of the time

Question 3

• Pulled Elbow

Answer 3

The result of a sudden pull on the hand of a child ages 2-5 by an impatient adult. The lesion is due to the radial head slipping out from under the annular ligament, trapping the ligament in the radiohumeral articulation

Question 4

• Olecranon Bursitisa.k.a.- Miner’s Elbowa.k.a.- Student’s Elbow

Answer 4

1.) A fall on the tip of the elbow or a direct blow to the olecranon can cause swelling (synovial fluid, pus, blood) into the bursa or bursae2.) Chronic olecranon bursitis can result from repeated blows to the olecranon as in football, hockey or repeated weight bearing forces3.) Patient presents with elbow held in semi-flexion position

Question 5

Osteoarthritis (OA)a.k.a.Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD)

Answer 5

1.) Primarily disorder of hyaline cartilage and subcondral bone2.) Most common of all articular disorders3.) Men and women equally affected4.) Ages 40 and up5.) Etiology is unknown6.) Non-inflammatory usually involving more to a few joints7.) Pain is the earliest symptom made worse by exercise8.) Fingers, hips, knees, elbows, cervical and lumbar spine

Question 6

Myositis Ossificans

Answer 6

1.) Traumatic myositis ossificans represents a heterotopic bone formation in the soft tissue2.) Process occurs most often in muscle but may also occur in fascia, tendons, joint capsules and ligaments3.) Most occur following any local injury sufficient to cause bruising or frank hemorrhage within a muscle4.) Most common sites are the brachialis anterior (elbow), quadratus femoris (thigh), adductor muscles of the thigh, and the medial collateral ligament of the knee5.) Pellergrini-Steida disease = Myositis Ossificans of the adductor magnus of the thigh

Question 7

Tennis Elbowa.k.a.Lateral Epicondylitis

Answer 7

1.) Repetitive tension overload of the forearm and wrist extensors2.) Aching or burning pain in region of lateral epicondyle3.) Extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle/tendon4.) Symptoms exacerbated with activity and improve with rest

Question 8

Golfer’s Elbowa.k.a.Medial Epicondyitis

Answer 8

Pain at/over the medial epicondyle

Question 9

Thrower’s Elbowa.k.a.Baseball Elbow

Answer 9

Medial collateral ligament sprain