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Locomotor > Elbow > Flashcards

Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 joints in the articular capsule?

A

Humeroradial
Humeroulnar
Proximal radioulnar

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2
Q

Which joints are involved in flexion and extension?

A

Humeroradial and humeroulnar

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3
Q

Which bone moves in pronation?

A

Radius

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4
Q

Where does the ulna articulate with the humerus?

A

Trochlea and trochlea notch

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5
Q

Where does the radius articulate with the humerus?

A

Capitulum

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6
Q

Where is the medial epicondyl?

A

Medial

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7
Q

What is the carrying angle? Difference for women?

A

Angle that the forearm comes out of the elbow

2x wider in women because they have bigger hips

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8
Q

What is the olecranon fossa?

A

Where the olecranon slots into the humerus when the arm is extended

Depression in the humerus on the lateral side

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9
Q

Where is the olecranon?

A

It’s the pointy part of the ulna

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10
Q

What do the ulna and radius look like?

A

The ulna hooks around the humerus

The radius is like a flat head

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11
Q

What is the coronoid fossa?

A

Depression in the medial part of the humerus

Where the claw of the ulna slots in when the elbow is fully flexed

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12
Q

What 3 bones make up the arm?

A

Humerus
Radius
Ulna

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13
Q

Which ligaments help with flexion and extension? And what shape are they?

A

Radial collateral ligament - radial side
Ulna collateral ligament - ulna side

Triangular

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14
Q

Which ligament is involved in pronation and supination?

What is it’s shape?

A

Anular ligament

Loops around the radius

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15
Q

Which ligament is most likely to tear in children?

A

Anular ligament

Radius removed from the joint

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16
Q

What is incomplete dislocation called?

A

Subluxation

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17
Q

Which muscles are involved in flexion?

A

Biceps brachi

Brachialis

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18
Q

Which muscles are involved in extension?

A

Triceps brachi

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19
Q

Which muscles are involved in pronation?

A

Pronator teres

Pronator quadratus

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20
Q

What muscles are involved in supination?

A

Biceps brachii

Supinator

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21
Q

Which nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Radial

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22
Q

Which nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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23
Q

Which muscles are in the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Shoulder and elbow flexors

BBC
Biceps Brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

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24
Q

Which muscles are in the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Shoulder and elbow extensors

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25
Q

Where does the musculocutaneous nerve originate?

A

C5
C6
C7

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26
Q

Where does the bicep reflex originate?

A

C5 C6

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27
Q

What’s the order of the anterior flexor muscles in the arm?

A

Biceps brachii most superficial
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis

28
Q

Where does the brachialis run from?

A

Distal humerus to the coronoid process of the ulna

29
Q

What joints does brachialis act on? (Shoulder/ elbow or both?)

A

Only the elbow

30
Q

Is brachialis affected by pronation or supination? Why?

A

No

Attached to the ulna

31
Q

Where does the coracobrachialis run from?

A

Coronoid process of the scapula to the humerus

32
Q

What joint does the coracobrachialis work on? Shoulder/ elbow or both?

A

Shoulder only

33
Q

What movement does the coracobrachialis do?

A

Flex and addicts the shoulder

Resist dislocation of the shoulder

34
Q

Where do the biceps run from and what are they made up of?

A

Radial tuberosity

Long head attaches to the scapula back
Short head attaches to the coronoid process

35
Q

Where are the long head and short head of the biceps found in the arm?

A

Long head - lateral

Short head - medial

36
Q

What does the biceps brachii do?

A

Flex at shoulder and elbow
Affected by pronation and supination because it is attached to the radial tuberosity

Powerful supinator

37
Q

Are the biceps brachii affected by pronation or supination?

A

Yes

Attached to the radial tuberosity

38
Q

Which muscles are involved in flexing in pronation?

A

Brachialis

39
Q

Which muscles are involved in flexion in supination?

A

Brachialis and biceps brachii

40
Q

What are the 5 terminal branches of the brachial plexus and where do they originate from?

A 
Musculocutaneous C5 C7
Axillary C5 C6
Medial C5 T1
Radial C5 T1
Ulnar C8 T1
41
Q

What do the motor and sensory musculocutaneous nerves do in the arm?

A

MOTOR in the arm

SENSORY in the lateral aspect of the forearm

42
Q

What does the radial nerve innervate?

A

Posterior part of the whole arm

43
Q

Where does the tricep reflex originate?

44
Q

What muscles are in the posterior part of the arm?

A

Triceps

Anconeus

45
Q

What are the triceps made of?

A

Long arm
Lateral head
Medial head

Joined as a single tendon at the end

46
Q

What do the different heads of the tricep act on?

A

Long head - shoulder and elbow extensor

Lateral head
Medial head
Are elbow extensors

47
Q

Origin of the axillary nerve?

48
Q

Names of the cords of the brachial plexus?

A

Lateral cord
Posterior cord
Medial cord

49
Q

Name of the different trunks?

A

Superior
Middle
Inferior

50
Q

What are the roots of the brachial plexus?

A 
C5
C6
C7
C8
T1
51
Q

Origin of the medial nerve?

52
Q

Origin of the ulnar nerve?

53
Q

Which nerve is runs posteriorly to the humerus?

54
Q

Motor action of the musculocutaneous nerve?

A

BBC anterior flexion

55
Q

Motor action of axillary nerve?

A

Deltoid

Teres minor

56
Q

Sensory of the musculocutaneous nerve?

A

Lateral forearm

57
Q

Sensory action of the axillary?

A

Regimental badge

58
Q

Motor action of the radial nerve?

A

Posterior compartment of arm and forearm

59
Q

Sensory action of radial nerve?

A

Posterior arm

60
Q

Name different bursae around the elbow joint

A

Deep subtendinous olecranon bursa (between olecranon and triceps tendon)

Intratendinous olecranon bursa (sometimes presents in triceps tendon)

Superficial subcutaneous olecranon bursa - in subcutaneous connective tissue

61
Q

Which bursa most likely to be inflamed? Most affected by bursitis

A

Superficial subcutaneous olecranon bursa

62
Q

What is the antecubital fossa?

A

Triangle in front of the elbow

Between lateral, medial epicondyle and in front of brachioradialis and flexor muscles

63
Q

What are the 3 cubical veins?

A 
Cephalic vein (lateral) 
Basilic vein (medial) 
Median cubital vein (joins them)
64
Q

What surrounds the cubital fossa?

A

Lateral epicondyle
Medial epicondyle
Brachioradialis
Flexor muscles (pronator teres)

Bicipital aponeurosis

65
Q

What does the cubital fossa contain?

A

Biceps brachii tendons
Terminal part of the brachial artery
Deep veins (brachial veins)
Median nerve

Locomotor (10 decks)

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