Eight-Principle Pattern Flashcards
what is COMBINATION in 8 principle pattern identification?
2 or 3 fold concurrence of either unpaired principles
ex: interior-exterior combination disease; vacuity-heat-interior combination disease
* most disease fall into this category
what is CONVERSION in 8 principle pattern identification?
displacement of symptoms of one principle by symptoms of opposing principle of the pair
ex:
- external pattern converts to an interior pattern
- interior pattern exiting to exterior
- cold converts to heat pattern
what are the factors in conversion disease?
- strength of pathogenic qi
- vacuity of right qi
- inappropriate treatment
what is COMPLEX in 8 principle pattern identification?
Two possibilities; both are contradictory; there are signs of both co-existing
ex:
- simultaneous cold and heat
- simultaneous vacuity and repletion
what are conditions characterized by false signs
it falls under purview of COMPLEX
- True heat and false cold
- True cold and false heat
- True repletion and false vacuity
- True vacuity and false repletion
IN using 8 principles clinically, location denotes? give examples?
Combination
ex: exterior cold or exterior heat
ex: interior-vacuity-heat or interior vacuity-cold
IN using 8 principles clinically, dynamics denotes? give examples?
Conversion
ex: exterior pattern entering the interior
vice versa
IN using 8 principles clinically, false signs denotes? give examples?
Complex (True Condition and False Condition)
ex: true cold/false heat
vice versa
what is EXTERIOR?
- skin and body hair; the skin and flesh; the fleshy exterior; superficial channels
- the space between skin & muscles, where Wei Qi circulates - this is the first place to be invaded by exterior pathogenic factors
what is INTERIOR?
- bone marrow; viscera & bowels - zangfu organs; internal channels
what is the most important symptoms to indicate that a condition has move from exterior to interior pattern?
- no longer has aversion to cold/wind = no floating pulse
- (now has aversion to heat)
what are the signs of exterior conditions?
- acute
- short disease course (recent onset)
- mild conditions
- floating pulse, fever/chills
- aversion to wind/cold
- headache
- paon in limbs and joints
- heat effusion (patient feels feverish, does not necessarily mean it is a heat condition, cold can make the person feverish too)
what is pathomechanism of aversion to wind or cold?
- depression of lung defense / wei qi
what is pathomechanism of heat effusion?
defensive qi contends with evil qi
what is pathomechanism of headache and limb pain?
pathogenic qi obstructing qi and blood flow in the channels
what is pathomechanism of nasal congestion and cough?
obstruction of lung diffusion
what are the 3 main causes of interior diseases?
- externally-contracted pathogens penetrate to the interior
- direct strike of external pathogens to the interior
- other causes: affect-mind damage (7 emotions); dietary irregularities; taxation fatigue; viscera-bowel qi-blood irregularities
what does a deep pulse generally indicate?
that the disease is on the interior
when a pathogen penetrates to the interior in the course of externally-contracted disease, what are the 4 common possibilities?
- interior heat
- interior repletion
- interior cold
- interior vacuity
what is midstage pattern?
midstage pattern means half-exterior and half-interior
- externally contracted pathogens depressed between the exterior and interior; inhibition of the lesser yang pivot
what is dual exterior-interior?
2 main pathomechanism:
- pathogen simultaneously invades the exterior and interior
- OR, exterior pattern in which the pathogen interiorizes before the exterior is resolved
*NOT when an exterior condition affects someone who already has an interior condition
what are the signs of dual exterior-interior pattern?
- heat/fever and aversion to cold
- headache
- aching bones
- abdominal pain and adiarrhea
what are the 2 causes of cold patterns?
- yin pathogens enter the body (repletion cold)
2. debilitated yang qi (vacuity cold)
what are the general signs of cold pattern?
- moist white tongue fur
- no thirst or thirst with desire for warm fluids
what are REPLETION COLD signs?
- -> tend to be abdominal
- pain in stomach duct or abdomen
- fulminant(severe and sudden onset) vomiting
- fulminant diarrhea or constipation
- fulminant panting and fullness in chest
- green-blue facial complexion
- tight pulse
what are VACUITY COLD signs?
- aversion to cold
- somber-white facial complexion
- desire for quietness
- curled-up recumbent posture (shrimp position)
- counterflow cold limbs
- long voiding of clear urine
- slow pulse
what are 2 causes of heat pattern?
- invasion of yang pathogen
2. insufficiency of yin-humor
what are signs of repletion heat pattern?
- red face
- red eyes
- vigorous fever
- vexation and agitation
- thirst for cool fluids
- hard dry bound stool
- short voiding of reddish urine
- red or crimson tongue with yellow fur
- pulse: rapid , surging, large
what are signs of vacuity heat?
- vexing heat in 5 hearts
- steaming bone tidal fever
- dry throat and mouth
- smooth, bare red tongue
- fine rapid pulse
