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PAS 531 > EENT Pharm > Flashcards

EENT Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Carbamide peroxide MOA

A

Softens cerumen with urea and H202

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2
Q

Acetic acid
Isoprpyl alcohol
Swimear

A

Drying agents for ear for external ear infections

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3
Q

Topical otic floroquinolones MOA

A

-Floxacin
Bind topoisomerase causing break in DNA and cell death

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4
Q

Topical otic neomycin MOA

A

Aminoglycoside
inds to 30s so 50s can’t bind and causes misreading

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5
Q

Dexamethasone
Hydrocortisone
Fluocinolone

A

Topical corticosteroids
Regulate gene expression decreasing inflammatory mediators and increasing anti-inflammatory.
AVOID ciral and fungal infections

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6
Q

Deiphehydramine
Dimenhydrinate
Mecizine

A

Antihistamines for ear

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7
Q

Scopolamine

A

Antimuscarinic/anticholinergic for ear

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8
Q

Oxymetazolline
Phenylephrine
Synephrine

A

Intranasal decongestants that bind to alpha-1 receptors in nasal passage causing vasoconstriction and opening of nasal passage.
NEVER more than 3 days

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9
Q

Pseudoephedrine
Phenylephrine

A

Systemic decongestants
Bind to alpha-1 in nasal passage causing vasal constriction and opening of the nasal passage.
Pseudophed is behind the counter

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10
Q

Chlorpheniramine
Fexofenadine (allegra)
Loratadine (claratin)
Desloratidine
Cetrizine (zyrtec)
Levocetirizine

A

2nd gen systemic antihstamines used in nose

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11
Q

Azelastine
Olopatadine

A

Antihistamine nasal spray

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12
Q

Budesonide
Fluticasaone
Mometasone
Triamcinolone
Azelastine/fluticasone

A

Corticosteroid nasal spray.
Bind to nucleus and regulate inflammatory mediators

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13
Q

Cromolyn

A

Mast cell stabilizer nasal spray
Takes days to reach peak effect

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14
Q

Ipratropium

A

Anticholinergic nasal spray used for rhinorrhea

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15
Q

Montelukast

A

Leukotriene inhibitor
Blocks LTD4 receptor on mast cell
Could elevate LFT
Neuropsych concern for kids.

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16
Q

-cyclovir
Docosanol MOA

A

Triphosphated and inserted into viral DNA

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17
Q

Triamcinolone paste
Dexamethasone

A

Topical steroids for mouth and throat

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18
Q

Azoles MOA

A

Inhibit fungal CYP450

19
Q

Nystatin MOA

A

Binds to sterols in membrane forming channels.
Used in oral cadidiasis

20
Q

Chlorhexidine

A

Topical abx used in ginigivitis and periodontitis
Positively charged, binds to negative cel wall causing rupture

21
Q

Ocular decongestant

A

Phenylephrine
Naphazoline
Tetrahydrozoline

22
Q

Ocular decongestant MOA

A

Alpha-1 agonist causing vasoconstriction of eye vessels

23
Q

Phenylephrine AE

A

Pupil dilation

24
Q

H-1 antagonist antihistamine eye

A

Alcaftadine
Azelastine
Ketotifen
Olopatadine

25
Q

OTC antihistamine eye drops

A

Ketotifen
Olopatadine
alcaftadine

26
Q

Mast cell stabilizers

A

Cromolyn
Lodoxamide
Nedocromil
Take days or week to peak

27
Q

When to use opthalmic glucocorti oids

A

Cataracts
Secondary infection
Secondary open-angle glaucoma
Increase IOP

28
Q

NSAIDs

A

Flurbiprofen
Ketorolac
Diclofenac
Bromfenac
Nepafenac
Block COX1 and COX2

29
Q

What does flurbiprofen do for the eye

A

Blocks unwanted intraoperative miosis in cateract surgery

30
Q

When to use ketorolac

A

Seasonal allergies

31
Q

When to use diclofenac

A

Inflammation and pain

32
Q

When to use bromfenac and nepafenac

A

Post-op pain after cataract surgery

33
Q

When to use ketorolac and diclofenac

A

Macular edema agter cataract surgery

34
Q

Carbachole
Pilocarpine

A

Cholinergic agonist
Used to cause miosis in surgery

35
Q

Cyclopentolate
Tropicamide

A

Muscarinic antagonist causing pupil dilation

36
Q

Pegcetaclopan
Acacincaptad pegol

A

Complement protein inhibitors
Used in dry age related macular degeneration

37
Q

Veteporfin
Pegaptanib
Afilbercept
-cizumab

A

Anti-VEGF
Used in wet age related macular degeneration

38
Q

Cyclosporin

A

Immunosuppressant
Inhibits calcineurin , inhibiting T cell activation.
Used in dry eye disease

39
Q

Lifitegrast

A

Immunosuppressant
Binds to LFA-1 from binding to ICAM-1 stopping activation of T cell.
Used in dry eye disease

40
Q

Beta blockers

A

-olol
Decrease production of aqueous humor in glaucoma.
Timolol not selective
Betaxolol selective for beta-1

41
Q

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

A

-zolamide
No hydrogen for H+ pump to secrete aqueous humor in glaucoma.
NOT for sulfa allergy

42
Q

Alpha-2 antagonist

A

-nidine
Glaucoma

43
Q

Netarsudil

A

Rock inhibitor
Glaucoma

44
Q

Prostaglandins

A

-prost
PGF2 alpha analogs increase interstitial space allowing for aquesous outflow decreasing IOP in glaucoma

PAS 531 (10 decks)

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