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PAS 531 > Derm Pharm > Flashcards

Derm Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Advantage of topicals

A

Less side effects

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2
Q

Ointment

A

Very little water
Lubrication or moisture
Less irritating
Best at delivering active ingredients

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3
Q

Cream

A

Emulsions of oil and water
Nonirritating
Moisturizing
Absorbed faster than ointments

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4
Q

Lotions

A

More water than crems
Fine powder suspended in oil and water.
Less potent

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5
Q

Foams

A

Aerosol
Base of alcohol causing drying or ase of emollient softening skin
Good for hairy areas

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6
Q

Solutions

A

Drug dissolved in liquid
Dries skin instead of moisturizing
Good for scalp

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7
Q

Powders

A

Protect where skin rubs skin.
Used on skin damaged by moisture

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8
Q

Gels

A

Water or alcohol based
Not absorbed as well as stuff using oil or fat.
Best for when slow absorption is needed

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9
Q

Mineral sunscreen

A

Reflect/Refract UV

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10
Q

Chemical sunscreen

A

Absorb UV

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11
Q

Benzoyl peroxide

A

Bacericidal to C. acnes

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12
Q

Calscoterone

A

Acne vulgaris
Androgen receptor inhibitor reducing oil production and inflammation

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13
Q

Retinoids

A

First line vs acne vulgaris
Psoriasis
Adalpene
Tazzarotene (teratogenic)
Tretinoin.
Increase cell turnover

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14
Q

Azelaic acid

A

Acne vulgaris and rosacea
Blocks Protein synth in C. acnes

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15
Q

Salicylic acid

A

Acne vulgaris
Penetrates pilosebaceous unit and acts as exfoliant

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16
Q

Sodium sulfacetamide

A

Acne vulgaris
Inibits bacterial production of folic acid.
BPO alternative

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17
Q

Bacitracin

A

Inhibts cell wall synthesis
G+

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18
Q

Polymyxin B

A

Disrupts cell membrane
G-

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19
Q

Neomycin

A

Aminoglycoside
Contact dermatitis
G-

20
Q

Mupirocin

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
MRSA

21
Q

Retapumulin

A

Protein synthesis inhibitor
Pruritis
Staph (no MRSA) and group A strep

22
Q

Brimonidine gel

A

Rosacea
A2- adrenergic agonist

23
Q

Oxymetazoline

A

Rosacea
A1 adrenergic agonist

24
Q

Pimencrolimus

A

Rosacea
Calcineurin inhibitor

25
Q

Ivermectin

A

Rosacea
Antiparasite (head lice)
Disrupts ionchannels causing hyperpolarization and paralysis of parasite

26
Q

Hydroquinone

A

Hyperpigmentation (melasma)
Inhibits tyrosinase (melanin production)

27
Q

Methoxsalen

A

Hypopigmentation (vitiligo)
Topical for local or oral for widespread.
Activated by UV and block celll proliferation causing differentiatino of epithelial cells

28
Q

Topical calcineurin inhibitors MOA

A

Block T-cell activation

29
Q

Topical roflumilast

A

PDE4 inhibitor

30
Q

Crisaborole

A

Eczema
PDE4 inhibitor
Antiinflammaotory

31
Q

Topical ruxolitinib

A

Eczema
JAK inhibitor

32
Q

Dupilumab

A

Eczema
Binds to IL-4
Antiinflammatory

33
Q

Vitamin D analogs

A

Psoriasis
Blocks keratinocyte proliferation increasing differentiaiton

34
Q

Methotrexate

A

Psoriasis
Adenosine accumulation repressing T and B cell activation.

35
Q

Apremilast

A

Psoriasis
PDE4 inhibitor
Lab monitoring not required

36
Q

Deucravactinib

A

Psoriasis
Tyrosine Kinase 2 inhibitor

37
Q

Keratolytics that improve corticosteroid penetration

A

Coal tar
Urea
Peopylene glycol
Fluorouracil

38
Q

Antipruritic agents

A

Doxepin
H1 blockers
Sama lotion
Aveeno
Burrow
Calamine lotion

39
Q

Anesthetics

A

(benzocaine, lidocaine, pramoxine)
Block Ca channels so no pain or itch

40
Q

Minoxidil

A

Allopecia
Topical
Stimulates anagen phase

41
Q

Finasteride

A

Alopecia
Oral
5 alpha reductase inhibitor.
So no DHT made

42
Q

Biatoprost opthalmic

A

Alopecia
Eyelashes
Prolongs anagen

43
Q

Permethrin

A

Pediculus humanus and Pthirus pubis (1%)
Sarcoptes scabies (5%)
Disrupts ion channels causing hyperpolariazation and paralysis of parasite

44
Q

Spinosad

A

Anti-parasitic
Pediculous humanous
Disrupts ion channels causing hyperexcitaton adn paralysis of parasite

45
Q

Lindane

A

Antiparasite shampoo/lotion
Pediculosis capitis, pubis, scabies
Disrupts gaba-gated chloride
channels causing hyperexcitation and paralysis of parasite

46
Q

Malathion

A

Antiparasite
Pediculosis
Cholinesterase inhibitor causing ACh accumulation, hyperexcitaton, paralysis

PAS 531 (10 decks)

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