Derm Pharm

Question 1

Advantage of topicals

Answer 1

Less side effects

Question 2

Ointment

Answer 2

Very little water
Lubrication or moisture
Less irritating
Best at delivering active ingredients

Question 3

Cream

Answer 3

Emulsions of oil and water
Nonirritating
Moisturizing
Absorbed faster than ointments

Question 4

Lotions

Answer 4

More water than crems
Fine powder suspended in oil and water.
Less potent

Question 5

Foams

Answer 5

Aerosol
Base of alcohol causing drying or ase of emollient softening skin
Good for hairy areas

Question 6

Solutions

Answer 6

Drug dissolved in liquid
Dries skin instead of moisturizing
Good for scalp

Question 7

Powders

Answer 7

Protect where skin rubs skin.
Used on skin damaged by moisture

Question 8

Gels

Answer 8

Water or alcohol based
Not absorbed as well as stuff using oil or fat.
Best for when slow absorption is needed

Question 9

Mineral sunscreen

Answer 9

Reflect/Refract UV

Question 10

Chemical sunscreen

Answer 10

Absorb UV

Question 11

Benzoyl peroxide

Answer 11

Bacericidal to C. acnes

Question 12

Calscoterone

Answer 12

Acne vulgaris
Androgen receptor inhibitor reducing oil production and inflammation

Question 13

Retinoids

Answer 13

First line vs acne vulgaris
Psoriasis
Adalpene
Tazzarotene (teratogenic)
Tretinoin.
Increase cell turnover

Question 14

Azelaic acid

Answer 14

Acne vulgaris and rosacea
Blocks Protein synth in C. acnes

Question 15

Salicylic acid

Answer 15

Acne vulgaris
Penetrates pilosebaceous unit and acts as exfoliant

Question 16

Sodium sulfacetamide

Answer 16

Acne vulgaris
Inibits bacterial production of folic acid.
BPO alternative

Question 17

Bacitracin

Answer 17

Inhibts cell wall synthesis
G+

Question 18

Polymyxin B

Answer 18

Disrupts cell membrane
G-

Question 19

Neomycin

Answer 19

Aminoglycoside
Contact dermatitis
G-

Question 20

Mupirocin

Answer 20

Protein synthesis inhibitor
MRSA

Question 21

Retapumulin

Answer 21

Protein synthesis inhibitor
Pruritis
Staph (no MRSA) and group A strep

Question 22

Brimonidine gel

Answer 22

Rosacea
A2- adrenergic agonist

Question 23

Oxymetazoline

Answer 23

Rosacea
A1 adrenergic agonist

Question 24

Pimencrolimus

Answer 24

Rosacea
Calcineurin inhibitor

Question 25

Ivermectin

Answer 25

Rosacea Antiparasite (head lice) Disrupts ionchannels causing hyperpolarization and paralysis of parasite

Question 26

Hydroquinone

Answer 26

Hyperpigmentation (melasma) Inhibits tyrosinase (melanin production)

Question 27

Methoxsalen

Answer 27

Hypopigmentation (vitiligo) Topical for local or oral for widespread. Activated by UV and block celll proliferation causing differentiatino of epithelial cells

Question 28

Topical calcineurin inhibitors MOA

Answer 28

Block T-cell activation

Question 29

Topical roflumilast

Answer 29

PDE4 inhibitor

Question 30

Crisaborole

Answer 30

Eczema PDE4 inhibitor Antiinflammaotory

Question 31

Topical ruxolitinib

Answer 31

Eczema JAK inhibitor

Question 32

Dupilumab

Answer 32

Eczema Binds to IL-4 Antiinflammatory

Question 33

Vitamin D analogs

Answer 33

Psoriasis Blocks keratinocyte proliferation increasing differentiaiton

Question 34

Methotrexate

Answer 34

Psoriasis Adenosine accumulation repressing T and B cell activation.

Question 35

Apremilast

Answer 35

Psoriasis PDE4 inhibitor Lab monitoring not required

Question 36

Deucravactinib

Answer 36

Psoriasis Tyrosine Kinase 2 inhibitor

Question 37

Keratolytics that improve corticosteroid penetration

Answer 37

Coal tar Urea Peopylene glycol Fluorouracil

Question 38

Antipruritic agents

Answer 38

Doxepin H1 blockers Sama lotion Aveeno Burrow Calamine lotion

Question 39

Anesthetics

Answer 39

(benzocaine, lidocaine, pramoxine) Block Ca channels so no pain or itch

Question 40

Minoxidil

Answer 40

Allopecia Topical Stimulates anagen phase

Question 41

Finasteride

Answer 41

Alopecia Oral 5 alpha reductase inhibitor. So no DHT made

Question 42

Biatoprost opthalmic

Answer 42

Alopecia Eyelashes Prolongs anagen

Question 43

Permethrin

Answer 43

Pediculus humanus and Pthirus pubis (1%) Sarcoptes scabies (5%) Disrupts ion channels causing hyperpolariazation and paralysis of parasite

Question 44

Spinosad

Answer 44

Anti-parasitic Pediculous humanous Disrupts ion channels causing hyperexcitaton adn paralysis of parasite

Question 45

Lindane

Answer 45

Antiparasite shampoo/lotion Pediculosis capitis, pubis, scabies Disrupts gaba-gated chloride channels causing hyperexcitation and paralysis of parasite

Question 46

Malathion

Answer 46

Antiparasite Pediculosis Cholinesterase inhibitor causing ACh accumulation, hyperexcitaton, paralysis