EENT Flashcards
eyes, ears, nose, throat
are a key sensory organ, feeding information to your brain about the outside world
EYES
This protects the inside of your eye like a windshield.
Cornea
This is the white part of your eye that forms the general shape and structure of your eyeball.
Sclera
lubricates your corneas
tear fluid
This clear, thin layer covers the sclera and lines the inside of your eyelids.
Conjunctiva
This part contains the muscles that control the size of your pupil. It’s also responsible for eye color.
Iris
This is the black circle inside the iris. It’s like an adjustable window to the inside of your eye. It widens and narrows to control how much light enters your eye.
Pupil
This focuses light that enters your eye and directs it to the back of your eye
Lens
this clear, gel-like fluid fills the space between the lens and retina. It helps your eye hold its shape. It’s also sometimes known simply as “the vitreous.”
Vitreous humor
This thin layer of light-sensitive cells at the back of your eyes converts light into electrical signals. it contains rod and cones.
Retina
(which help you see in low light)
Rods
(which help you see colors)
Cones
This small area of your retina is key to your vision. It’s responsible for the center of your visual field. It also helps you see color and fine details.
Macula
This connects your retinas to your brain. It’s like the data cable that carries signals from your eyes, with connection points linking to multiple brain areas.
Optic nerve
These control your eye’s position, alignment and movement. They also contribute to your eye’s shape, which is part of your ability to switch your vision’s focus between near and far objects.
External muscles.
are paired organs, located on each side of your head, which help with hearing and balance. There are several conditions that can affect your ears, including infection, tinnitus, meniere’s disease, eustachian tube dysfunction and more.
EARS
The three main parts of your ear
outer ear, middle ear and inner ear.
separates your outer ear and middle ear.
tympanic membrane(eardrum)
is the part of your ear that’s visible. It’s what most people mean when they say “ear.” Also called the auricle or pinna
Outer ear (external ear)
begins on the other side of your tympanic membrane (eardrum).
Middle ear
what are the three tiny bones in this area ( middle ear )
the malleus, incus and stapes
which help equalize the air pressure in your ears and ______ that houses in your middle ear?
eustachian tubes
Yourinner ear contains two main parts, what are they?
the cochlea and the semicircular canals.
This snail-shaped structure contains two fluid-filled chambers lined with tiny hairs. this is also your hearing organ
cochlea
When sound enters, the fluid inside of your cochlea causes the tiny hairs to
Vibrate
also known as the labyrinthine, are responsible for balance. They tell your brain which direction your head is moving.
The semicircular canals
helps you to breathe and to smell.
NOSE
The inner part of the nose is above the
roof of the mouth
The nose is made up of
External meatus, External nostrils, Septum, Nasal passages
Triangular-shaped projection in the center of the face.
External meatus.
Two chambers divided by the septum.
External nostrils
Made up mainly of cartilage and bone and covered by mucous membranes.
Septum
also gives shape and support to the outer part of the nose.
cartilage
Passages that are lined with mucous membranes and tiny hairs (cilia) that help to filter the air.
Nasal passages
is a ring-like muscular tube. It is the passageway for air, food, and liquid. It also helps in forming speech.
THROAT
Both are made up of lymph tissue and are located at the back of the throat.
Tonsils and adenoids
are located all the way at the back of the nose at the very top of the throat, shrink away by early adulthood.
adenoids
in the back of the mouth on either side of the throat. They protect against infection but have minimal function after childhood.
tonsils
is a cylindrical grouping of cartilage, muscles, and soft tissue that contains the vocal cords
larynx
are the upper opening into the windpipe (trachea), the passageway to the lungs.
vocal cords
A flap of soft tissue located just above the vocal cords
Epiglottis
Physical Assessment Interview Data (Subjective )
onset, location, duration, characteristic, aggravates and relieves it.
Physical Assessment Physical Data (Objective )
IPPA
the degree of detail the eye can discern in an image
Visual acuity
the ability of the eyes to move in various directions
Ocular movement
the area an in-dividual can see when looking straight ahead
Visual fields
(nearsightedness)
Myopia
farsightedness
Hyperopia
loss of elasticity of the lens and thus loss of ability to see close object
Presbyopia
an uneven curvature of the cornea that prevents horizontal and vertical rays from focusing on the retina, is a common problem that may occur in conjunction with myopia and hyperopia.
Astigmatism
Common inflammatory visual problems
conjunctivitis, dacryocystitis, hordeolum, iritis, and contusions or hematomas
(inflammation of the bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva)
Conjunctivitis
inflammation of the lacrimal sac
Dacryocystitis
sty. is a redness, swelling, and tenderness of the hair follicle and glands that empty at the edge of the eyelids.
Hordeolum
(inflammation of the iris)
Iritis
(sensitivity to light)
Photophobia
are “black eyes” resulting from injury.
Contusions or hematomas
tend to occur in individuals over 65 years old although they may be present at any age. This opacity of the lens or its capsule, which blocks light rays, is frequently removed and replaced by a lens implant.
Cataracts
(a disturbance in the circulation of aqueous fluid, which causes an increase in intraocular pressure) is the most frequent cause of blindness in people over age 40 although it can occur at younger ages.
Glaucoma
What is the normal color of the pupils and its measurement?
black, 3 to 7mm in diameter
(enlarged pupils)
Mydriasis
constricted pupils
Miosis
unequal pupils
Anisocoria
A bulging toward the cornea can indicate
increased intraocular pressure.
