EE2

Question 1

What is Blending Inheritance?

Answer 1

Each Parent contributed equally.
Contribution is halved at each successive generation
Problem for Natural Selection as features diluted down.

Question 2

Hardy Weinburg Equation

Answer 2

Ne - Total no. of breeding individuals in a population
p = freq (A) = A/2Ne
q= freq(a) = a/2Ne
p+q=1
p^2 +q^2+2pq=1

Question 3

What does the law of the Hardy Weingburg Equation State?

Answer 3

Allele and Genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences.

Question 4

What was Mendels Principle of Segregation?

Answer 4

Traits controlled by Heredity Units - ‘factors’
Factor pairs segregate randomly in the production of gametes
Offspring inherit one factor from each parents.

Question 5

What are the Conditions neccessary for the HW eqn

Answer 5

1. Infinitely large Population
2. No mutations
3. No gene flow
4. No selection
5. Random Mating

Question 6

What is Gene Flow?

Answer 6

Exchange of Genes between populations.
Force of population that produces or redistributes variation in a population.
Migrating then mating.

Question 7

What is the Founder effect?

Answer 7

Genetic Drift.

• Where allele frequencies are altered in a small population taken from a larger population.
• All members are descendent of founder.
• After war disease, disasters etc.

Question 8

What is Genetic Bottlenecking?

Answer 8

Reduction in variation
Rare Alleles become common
Absence of Natural Selection, allele frequency changes rapidly.

Question 9

What is Genetic Drift?

Answer 9

Change in frequency of an allele by chance.
Background evolution that is always occurring.
Neutral evolution
Natural Selection is always compared against this.

Question 10

How does genetic drift change with:

1. No. of generations
2. Population size

Answer 10

1. More generations the more drift.

2. Larger the population less genetic drift,