Edward's readeption Flashcards
what happened in April 1469?
- uprisings in north led by Robin of Redesdale and Robin of Holderness
- aimed to restore Percy family as earls of northumberland
- both suppressed by John neville
what happened in June 1469?
- serious rebellion in north
- led by robin of Redesdale, generally thought to be Sir John Coyers
who was behind the June 1469 rebellion?
- clearly inspired by neville party
- coyers steward of middleham - a neville stronghold
what did the June rebellion point out?
-ed’s govt had done nothing to deal w/ grievances against Henry VI’s govt
what news did Edward receive at Newark? what did he do?
- he did not have force to match rebels - causing panic
- appealed to other towns for support, quickly realising the woodvilles were unpopular - so he sent them away
what happened on 6 July 1469?
Warwick traveled to calais in secret to celebrate marriage of Clarence to Isabel neville
when did Clarence and Isabel get married?
11 July 1469
what happened 16 July 1469?
Clarence and Warwick met their supporters in Canterbury after releasing their manifesto
what was the treaty on angers?
an alliance between Warwick and MofA
why did Louis XI arrange treaty of angers?
he thought a Lancastrian England dominated by Warwick would ally with France - allowing him to concentrate on gaining control of burgundy and Brittany
when was the treaty of angers?
22 July 1470
what was agreed in the treaty of angers?
- warwick agreed to invade england and restore Henry vi to power
- anne neville would marry prince Edward
- clarence to be DofY and heir to throne if Lancastrian dynasty failed
when was Anne neville officially betrothed to Edward?
25 July 1470
why was angers a bad deal for Clarence?
- forced to hand over duchy of Lancaster estates to MofA
- other Lancastrian estates would be have to be returned if Henry VI was restored
what did Edward do on 2 October 1470?
- took flight to King’s Lynn from where they set sail for Low Countries
- joined by Gloucester, Hastings and rivers
how did Edward pay shipmen on his escape?
with clothes and personal jewellery
what happened on 3 October 1470?
-Henry VI removed from tower and taken to Bishop’s palace, where he resumed power
why did return of Henry vi cause turmoil for nobility?
clamour for return of land from Yorkists lords to Lancastrian lords
what did Warwick do on 6 October 1470?
led his arms into London and pledged allegiance to Henry
when did Louis XI declare war on Burgundy?
dec 1470
what happened on 12 feb 1471, pushing Charles the bold into action?
calais garrison ordered to start attacks on Burgundian lands
how much money did Charles grant to ed’s cause and when? why had Charles ignored him up to this point?
- 31 dec 1470
- Charles granted £20,000
- ignored ed to remain neutral in civil war
who did Edward make peace with in order to get ships?
Hanseatic league - received 14 ships
who were overtures made to?
Clarence and Henry Percy
how big was Ed’s force?
- 19 feb 1471
- 36 ships and 1200 men
when did ed set sail?
11 march 1471
where was ed originally planned to land?
on east Anglian coast at Cromer
why did ed not land at cromer?
-12 march warned by locals that Dukes of Norfolk and Suffolk and rivers were in custody and Oxford was in charge of area
where did ed land in the end? what did he say he was doing?
- ravenspur
- claiming to be merely returning to reclaim his duchy of York
what did Edward find it difficult to find when he returned?
men to take arms for his cause
who showed Edward unofficial support?
- northumberland
- so montagu was unable to attack his forces as they marched to Wakefield
as he marched south, where did ed get a large force from?
- several thousand men from Midland
- following call to arms by Hastings
what opportunity did warwick miss whilst ed was in north?
to attack ed while was most vulnerable
what mistake did warwick make when ed reached coventry?
he chose not to fight then
who did ed persuade to back his cause?
Clarence
which two nobles did favour either side??
earl of Shrewsbury and lord Stanley
which dukes went to south coast to wait for MofA and prince Edward?
somerset and devon
how did warwick’s indecision and dwindling encourage ed?
as he chose to march to LDN to gain it as a strategic position
who chose to join ed as he marched to LDN?
sir John Howard and lord Cromwell
how did some Lancastrians try to rally support it LDN? was it successful?
- parading Henry VI through street
- backfired as old king did not compare favourably to new king
why did LDN merchants backed?
they had a finial stake in Ed’s restoration
when did LDN open its gates to Ed?
11 April
when was battle of barnet?
14 April 1471 - Easter Sunday
at barnet, who had a larger force?
warwick
what was warwick’s force doing throughout the night?
bombarding the Yorkist force
what did ed decide to do at 4 a.m.?
decided to launch an attack despite thick fog
which force fought which at barnet?
- Hastings v Oxford
- york v Exeter
- ed in centre of fighting
which Yorkists were killed and injured at barnet ?
- Cromwell and sayer killed
- Gloucester and rivers badly hurt
which Lancastrians were killed at barnet ?
montagu, exeter and warwick
what happened the same day as barnet?
Edward and Margaret landed at weymouth
what did Margaret decide to do after landing?
to march for Wales to join forces with Jasper Tudor
how big was Ed’s force when marching to intercept Margaret ?
about 5000 men
how far had the Yorkists and Lancastrians reached by 1 may 1471?
- Yorkists force had reached malmesbury
- Lancastrian force was at bristol
which city refused to let Margret enter?
gloucester - so she was forced into Tewkesbury
when was the battle of Tewkesbury?
4 may 1741
how was Somerset goaded into attack at tewkesbury?
by Yorkist artillery fire, and after a short while Yorkists forces overwhelmed Somerset’s
which Lancastrian died at tewkesbury?
earl of devon and lord wedlock, Edward was killed as he tried to flee
where did Somerset flee to? for how long?
- tewkesbury abbey
- two days later he was forced out and executed
by what date was it all over for the Lancastrians?
14 may 1471
what happened in Richmondshire in end of April 1471?
- there was an uprising while ed was dealing w/ Margaret’s forces
- news of Margaret’s defeat ended the revolt
- rebels capitulated to the earl of northumberland
who launched a more serious revolt in 1471?
Thomas neville, bastard of fauconberg
what did fauconberg do on hearing of the defeat at barnet?
- he had been put in charge of patrolling the Chanel
- he return to calais
- he called to arms 300 men from the garrison and landed them @ Kent
what did fauconberg do on 12 may 1471?
- he attacked city of LDN
- gathered support in the cinque-ports and Canterbury
was fauconberg’s attack successful?
- tower and London were successfully defended by rivers and lord dudley
- fauconberg retreated to blackheath, but as the king’s army approached six days later the rebel force dispersed
when did ed re-enter LDN?
21 may 1471
when did Henry VI die?
21 may
when was battle fo Edgecote?
26 July 1469
what happened night before Edgecote?
- earls of Pembroke and Devon argued about billeting arrangements in Banbury
- led to Devon’s troops, with the bulk of the royal archers, camped some miles away from Pembroke’s troops
who arrived in the middle of fighting at Edgecote?
- small detachment of Warwick’s men, led by Sir John Clapham
- pembroke’s men mistook them for advanced guard of another army and broke rank
who was killed at edgecote?
earl of Pembroke, sir Richard Herbert, earl of Devon, earl rivers and John Woodville
what happened to Ed IV after edgecote?
3 days later ed captured and sent to Middleham castle
what happened in the period after edgecote?
period of uneasy truce
what was Ed’s dilemma after Edgecote?
- Warwick had shown his hadn’t and Ed could no longer trust him
- but the court party had been decimated
what did Warwick and Clarence do in October 1469?
- Warwick and Clarence admitted their failure to take power and reached an agreement with Ed
- restored Ed to power and allowed his return to LDN
what did ed make Gloucester after Edgecote?
justiciar of South Wales and constable of England
what did Ed do 1 march 1470?
- restored Henry Percy as Earl of Northumberland
- took title and lands away from John neville
how did ed appease john Neville?
promotion to title of marquis of montagu on 24 march 1470
how did the Lincolnshire rebellion begin?
factional dispute between Sir Thomas Burgh and Lord Welles and his son, Sir Robert Welles
what did the Lincolnshire rebellion escalate to?
open challenge to king - Warwick and Clarence reportedly at the heart of it
when was battle of losecoat?
12 march 1470
what was the result of losecoat?
ed easily suppressed the rebellion
why is loseocat given its name?
rebels took jackets off and threw them away in attempt to escape quickly
what was the battle cry of the rebels at looscoate?
o Clarence o Clarence o Warwick
what did sir Robert Welles admit before his execution?
confessed that Clarence and Warwick were at the heart of the rebellion
when were Clarence and Warwick declared traitors?
24 march 1470
