Edward 6 Flashcards
1
Q
How much did Somerset government make from debasement?
A
£500,000 ish
2
Q
How was Somerset’s response to rebellions percieved by council?
A
Feeble
3
Q
What was Somerset promised by Cranmer?
A
He would not be charged with treason
4
Q
How did France take advantage of rebellions?
A
Beseiged Boulogne
5
Q
How many members did regency council have?
A
16, with 12 more to assist when required
6
Q
Why did government response to Western rebellion deepen resentment?
A
They acted illegally. Executed without trials and confiscated/redistributed land
7
Q
What did Somerset use household servants as?
A
Government officials
8
Q
What was Edward Seymour’s title when Henry 8 died?
A
Earl of Hertford
9
Q
Who was Lady Jane Grey married to?
A
Guildford Dudley… Northumberland’s son
10
Q
When did Somerset withdraw from Scotland?
A
1549
11
Q
When was Somerset re-arrested and executed?
A
1551 and 1552
12
Q
What year did Edward come to the throne?
A
1547
13
Q
What title did Seymour give himself?
A
Duke of Somerset
14
Q
What did letters patent give Somerset?
A
Quasi-regal powers
15
Q
What was the last straw in Cornwall in 1549?
A
Introduction of the first prayer book
16
Q
What position was Michael Stanhope given?
A
Groom of the stool and chief gentleman of the privy chamber
17
Q
When was debasement ended by calling in coins and replacing?
A
1551
18
Q
Bishop of London with extreme protestant views
A
Nicholas Ridley
19
Q
What was the last time a minor had inherited the throne and what happened?
A
Edward 5 in 1483. Richard 3 most likely murdered his nephews and seized power.5
20
Q
Example of how Kett was brutally supressed?
A
Kett hanged
3000 killed in one day
21
Q
What were Somerset’s Scotland plans?
A
Unite the crowns through a marriage between Edward 6 and MQOS
22
Q
What did Dudley and Cranmer convince Edward to do after fall of Somerset?
A
Appoint religious reformers
23
Q
4 members of the plot against Somerset
A
Earl of Warwick
Earl of Southampton
Earl of Arundel
Lord St. John
24
Q
What was notable about East Anglia?
A
Most densely populated and industrialised part of the country
25
What did Edward see as his mission?
To destroy idolatry
26
Why could Somerset be more independent from parliament?
They didn't grant him his authority
27
What commissions were established by Northumberland?
To investigate expenditure
28
Where was William Body murdered?
Cornwall
29
Who were declared illigitimate in 1553?
Mary and Elizabeth
30
What did Somerset gain SOLE custody over?
The Dry Stamp
31
Where did council meet during Somerset period?
Somerset House
32
What did Cornish/Devon riots show?
Religion was a focus, not the cause necessarily. General discontent.
33
How many days was LJG queen?
Nine
34
What happened to Robert Welsh?
He was hanged on gallows constructed on church tower
35
Edward 6 effect on Northumberland religious policy
Edward was a committed Protestant. Becoming more influential on policy.
36
How did Cranmer try to reduce distaste towards Somerset?
Pushed 'On Obedience' to be read in churches. Emphasised disobedience to king was a mortal sin.
37
When was Somerset threatened by French invasion?
1549
38
What clothes were banned under Northumberland?
Traditional vestements
39
How many anti-enclosure bills were blocked by parliament in 1548?
Three
40
How old was Edward when he came to the throne?
9
41
Who was the likely leader of the Western Rebellion?
Robert Welsh, vicar
42
What was the mistaken belief of people in the Kett Rebellion?
Ministers were profiteering from inflation + food shortages
43
Why did Somerset fail in Scotland?
Too expensive to garrison border forts, failed to stop french liberating Edinburgh
44
When did Francis 1 die?
1547
45
When was the battle of pinkie?
1547
46
How much of the Crown's annual revenue did Somerset secretly divert to private hands?
£20,000
47
Southampton's plot against Dudley
Tried to gain predominance by charging Dudley with treason. Backfired and the religious conservatives Southampton and Arundel were placed under house arrest.
48
Relgious reasons for Kett's Rebellion
Pro-protestantism!
Not enough progress
7 articles in manifesto were about this.
49
What title did Somerset give Wriothesley?
Earl of Southampton
50
When was Somerset Lord Protector?
1547-49
51
Treason Act of 1547
Removed censorship.
Allowed protestant material to be brought into England.
52
When did population growth and inflation peak?
1540s
53
When did Northumberland proclaim LJG queen?
9th July 1553
54
Who did Northumberland have arrested for drawing up conciliar guidelines?
William Paget
55
When was Somerset arrested?
October 1549
56
What did the rebels have in Devon?
A traditional catholic mass
57
What did Cranmer introduce in 1549?
Book of Common Prayer
58
Who plotted against Somerset initially?
Thomas Seymour, his brother
59
What did William Body try to do?
Remove images and statues from local churches - faster than government planned
60
Three examples of conservatives in regency council?
Wriothesley - Lord Chancellor since 1544
Paulet
Turnstall
61
Where did Somerset establish a court of requests?
At his own house
62
Who did sheep tax hurt?
Small farmers
63
What did 1552 Book of Common Prayer do?
Removed conservative ceremonies.
Removed ambiguity of 1549 book.
64
Two reasons anger over enclosure got worse
Overstocking of commons by landlords.
Increases in rents.
65
What happened to the ships sent to prevent Mary from sailing from Norfolk?
They changed allegiance, cause of LJG lost right there.
66
Book of common prayer under northumberland
1552, replaced that of 1549
67
What did somerset refuse (treatment)?
Nobody to be tortured or burnt
68
When were 42 articles released?
1553, not implemented due to death
69
What Act removed censorship of Protestant materials?
Treason Act 1547
70
How much did real wages fall during Edward reign?
60%
71
What did Northumberland encourage in terms of trade?
Expansion of trade routes. E.g. Africa
Cabot set up new company.
72
Where did the Kett Rebellion capture?
Norwich
73
How much did Scottish FP cost Somerset?
£600,000
74
When did Edward 6 die?
6th July 1553
75
Secondary reason for Western rebellion
Hatred of sheep tax
76
How long did it take to crush the Western Rebellion?
Six weeks
77
How many royal proclamations did Somerset make?
Over 70
78
3 people Somerset relied on most
Cranmer
Paget
Dudley (Earl of Warwick, then Duke of Northumberland)
79
Religious proclomation Edward directly intervened in
'Black Rubric' Proclomation - kneeling not idolatry but good order
80
When was the Treaty of Boulogne?
1550
81
What % of wages did people spend on food?
80%
82
What market collapsed in 1551?
Antwerp
83
Who were put under house arrest?
Religious conservatives Southampton and Arundel
84
Local political issues leading to Kett's
Norfolk ill-administered - begun there
JPs disregarded "good" laws
Corrupt ruling classes
Feeling area was being ignored by government
85
What kind of social policy did Somerset have?
Progressive
86
What did Northumberland abandon in Scotland?
The garrisons
87
Who succeeded Francis 1?
Henry 2
88
What can be said about parliament usage under somerset?
Ruled often without them.
Needed them for religious laws.
Met 47-52
89
Effect of appointing Michael Stanhope as groom of the stool and chief gentleman of the privy chamber?
Somerset was essentially the king's keeper
90
What kickstarted rebellion in devon?
Priest using the new prayer book in 1549
91
Who was more religiously radical - Somerset or Northumberland?
Northumberland
92
How quickly did regency council delegate to Seymour?
Days
93
Who did Somerset dismiss from the council?
Wriothesley - Earl of Southampton
94
Who crushed the Western Rebellion?
Lord Russell
95
What law in relation to the poor was repealed by Northumberland?
1547 Vagrancy Act
96
Which was the worse harvest - 49 or 50?
Both bad. 50 worse
97
Two main rebellions of 1549
Western and Kett
98
What Tudor ruler used the most proclamations?
The Duke of Somerset!!! Over 70 in just 3 years
99
How did Somerset try to convert Scotland to protestantism?
English bibles and expensive garrisons
100
Who was Sir Peter Carrew?
Leading gentleman in Devon
101
2 notable exclusions from regency council
Arch-conservative Gardiner
Imprisoned Duke of Norfolk
102
What did John Hooper admit in 1550?
Pace of change hampered by uncooperative public.
103
What did leaders of Cornish rebellion demand?
Restoration of Catholic doctrine and practices. Wanted mass in latin and ban of English bible. Catholic rituals like communion.
104
Why did Somerset allow the Earl of Southampton back into the Privy Council?
He denounced Thomas Seymour as a traitor
105
Effect of reintroduction of 1538 injunctions?
Inconoclasm in London
106
How much did England get for Boulogne?
£133,333
107
What is it possible Henry 8 said in regards to Edward Seymour?
He might have named him protector verbally.
108
1550 Treaty
Treaty of Boulogne
Ended War of Rough Wooing
Peace, humiliating but neccessary
109
What did Western Rebellion grow out of?
Revolts in Cornwall and Devon
110
Main reason for kett
ENCLOSURE
111
How many rebels in Kett's rebellion?
16,000
112
What injunctions were reintroduced in 1547?
The 1538 first injunctions. Pilgrimages, icons, relics
113
What did the regency council turn into after fall of Somerset?
The Privy Council
114
When did Dudley create himself Duke of Northumberland?
1551
115
What conservative was imprisoned?
Stephen Gardiner
116
Edward Seymour relation to Edward 6
Uncle
117
What were the main reasons for Kett Rebellion?
Enclosure
Unemployment + inflation
Some protestant elements
118
What physical thing was removed from churches by Northumberland?
Altars
119
What title whas John Dudley given in 1547?
Earl of Warwick
120
Who was heir after Edward according to 1544 succession act?
Mary - staunch catholic
121
How did Peter Carrew aggravate the situation?
He was a leading protestant! Seeing him enraged rebels and then one of his servants accidentally set fire to a barn...
122
What did 42 articles do?
Officially state protestant doctrine
123
When was Northumberland executed?
1553
124
How many killed in Western Rebellion?
3000
125
When did France declare war on England (Somerset)?
August 1549
126
2 more radical senior members of clergy
Nicholas Ridley
John Hooper
127
1549 Book of Common Prayer
Translated services into english.
Ambiguous, maybe allowing transubstantiation still.
128
What was there a fall in demand for?
English wool
129
Northumberland agricultural success
Controlled stocks of grain to relieve crisis by 1551
130
Why did Somerset establish a court of requests?
To hear the grievances of the poor
131
How many soldiers brought second time to Norwich?
12,000 + 1200 mercenaries
132
What did Henry 8 establish before he died?
A regency council
133
Northumberland enclosure policy
Withdrew commissioners
Repealed sheep tax in 1550
Enforced existing legislation
134
Who did Somerset appoint as groom of the stool and chief gentleman of the privy chamber?
His brother in law, Stanhope
135
When did Dudley (Warwick) become Lord President of the Privy Council?
1550
136
What did Northumberland encourage Edward to write?
The devyse
137
What city did Western Rebellion beseige?
Exeter (regional capital)
138
What did the French do in Scotland in 1548?
Took Mary to France to marry the heir to French throne, later Francis 2
139
Three examples of reformers in regency council?
Somerset
Cranmer
Denny
140
What battle were the Scots defeated at?
Battle of Pinkie
141
What was Henry 2 keen to do?
Assert himself
142
What did Somerset insist in regards to signatures?
The King's signature was invalid without his own signature.
143
Where was highlighted in 1547 annoyance and why?
The south-west were pissed off about gentry families gaining church/monasterial land.
144
What were Henry 8's most likely wishes?
The regency council holds power without a protector.
145
Why did Somerset withdraw troops from Scotland?
Rebellions in England, possibility of French invasion from the South
146
Who was the leader of the Kett Rebellion?
Robert Kett
147
What industry had collapsed in Norwich?
Textiles, caused unemployment in Norwich
148
What remained the same in the church?
The hierarchy
149
What law did Northumberland introduce for poor?
1552 poor law
150
What kind of people did Somerset criticise?
Wealthy and self-serving
151
How many soldiers did Henry 2 send to Scotland?
4000
152
What title was John Dudley given in 1551, and what was his previous one?
Duke of Northumberland, previously Earl of Warwick
153
What happened to William Body?
He was killed by a mob.
154
Who did Dudley's son, John, marry?
Somerset's daughter, Anne
155
What happened before the devyse had been ratified?
Edward 6 died
156
Who dealt with Kett's rebellion?
John Dudley (warwick... then northumberland)
At first, very incompetently
Had to return
157
Why did John Dudley and Anne Seymour marry?
Dudley (Warwick)'s efforts to seek reconciliation with Somerset
158
How did Northumberland raise money?
Sold chantry land
Big loans from European bankers
Customs and excise rates raised
159
What happened in 1549 with enclosure in Somerset and Bristol?
Mobs tore down fences for enclosure.
160
What hopes did Thomas Seymour seemingly entertain?
Marrying Elizabeth and seizing power.
161
What gave Somerset quasi-regal powers?
Letters Patent in 1547
162
What were there rumours of in East Anglia in 1549?
Government were going to increase taxes
163
When did Somerset see first signs of rebellious sentiment?
In 1547 agents sent out to measure progress in reforms found signs of resistance in communities.
164
What enforced the 1549 Book of Common Prayer?
Act of Uniformity
165
Example of how Kett was dealt with somewhat leniantly?
Only evidence of 49 executions
166
When did John Dudley and Anne Seymour marry?
1550
