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History A-Level - Tudors > EDVI - Main Info > Flashcards

EDVI - Main Info Flashcards

1
Q

What did Bishop Ridley do in the beginning of Edward’s reign

A

touch him
no
i mean probably
but
Denounced images of saints and use of holy water to establish a Protestant reign

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2
Q

Why were royal commissioners sent to survey the state of the English churches

A

Because Somerset was trying to implement Protestant reforms in all churches, even Catholic ones in Aug 1547

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3
Q

Who won the Scottish vs English Battle of Pinkie
not to b confused w the battle of pinkie pie
many pony lives were lost that day…

A

England
whoop ig

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4
Q

What was the Sacrament Act of 1547

A

It allowed communion to be taken in both forms of bread n wine
its cos then the protestants wouldnt get drunk too much off of the wine cos they got a belly full of carbs
i always knew edward was a brainy one

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5
Q

What was the Election of Bishops Act of 1547

A

Confirmed the monarch’s right to appoint bishops
edward was all like
“im the captain now”
but he was not on a ship

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5
Q

What was the

A
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6
Q

What was the Vagabond Act of 1547

A

Any able-bodied person (so def not avani or elishka) who was out of work for 3 days wud b branded with a V and sold into slavery
Their children wud be set to work as apprentices
a bit extreme if u ask me
id have like 5739052 Vs on my body by now

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7
Q

What was the repeal of HVIII’s 1536 state law on letters patent, done in 1547 obviously

A

Stated EDVI wouldn’t be able to revoke any statute law made during his minority without returning to Parliament
this 9 yr old mf rlly thought they gon let him rule the country
he probs was just gon build bouncy castles instead of a brick one
u know smth…i think more 9 yr olds shud run countries
i want a bouncy castle

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8
Q

What was the repeal of HVIII’s Treason Act of 1547

A

1st written denial of supremacy was still treason
BUT
Only 3rd spoken denial of supremacy was
all funny mfs gon b denying twice in their life out loud n b like u cant catch me mf u aint church head man…n then get offed cos that b the 3rd time

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9
Q

What other acts were repealed in 1547 from HVIII

A

Act of 6 Articles
King’s Book
Heresy laws
Shows not much changed for Edward reign from HVIII, as England still had no official statement of faith (torn between P and C, twas a religious vacuum)

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10
Q

What was the Chantries Act of 1547

A

Done to raise money for war against Scotland, stupid somerset
All chantries and their properties would thenceforth belong to the King for as long as he should live
thenceforth. ik. im fancy. call me miss hoity toity
Provided £160,000 income per yr for Crown

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11
Q

What were the negative consequences of the Chantries Act of 1547

A

despite obviously the religious ones
Economic hardship for local urban communities as no alms
Rumours began that parish property would b confiscated next

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12
Q

Now, since I had to google this n b4 avani asks
What are alms

A

Money or food given to poor people
u r very welcome

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13
Q

What did the Privy Council abolish w Catholic practices in Feb 1548

A

Candles at Candlemas
Palms on Palm Sunday…so its now just a regular sunday
Ashes on Ash Wednesday…so also just now a regular wednesday
Creeping to the cross on Good Friday…ig u cud say twud b a bad friday to b a catholic

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14
Q

What was Somerset’s Epistle of Exhortation of Feb 1548

A

Wanted to end expensive Scottish campaign (THAT I FEEL THE NEED TO MENTION HE STARTED) by marrying Edward to Mary Queen of Scots (WHO WAS CATHOLIC BY THE WAY) so he could use troops to ensure domestic stability

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15
Q

Was Somerset’s Epistle of Exhortation of Feb 1548 successful

A

No
He couldn’t enforce it as he hadn’t blockaded the place
So French troops took Mary to France
bitch was snatched

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16
Q

Who was William Body n why do I care

A

He was a supporter and rather radical man of Protestantism
He would remove n destroy statues of saints from Cornish churches to push away from Catholic practices
When he tried to continue to do this in Helston, people became angry n he was stabbed to death
The mob that killed him demanded no further religious changes until Edward was 24

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17
Q

How many ppl were in the Heltson mob that killed Body

A

3000

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18
Q

What did the Privy Council do following the mob at Helston

A

Banned all unlicensed preaching

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19
Q

Why did Somerset announce an enclosure commission that wud investigate the scale of enclosure

A

Cos he mistakenly believed that enclosure was the root of inflation n the country’s growing economic problems
It was acc debasement the stupid mf

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20
Q

What did Mary being held at France do between France and Scotland in August 1548

A

Auld alliance renewed
England continues to b at war w Scotland
The reason Mary made it to France was cos he hadn’t enforced naval blockade across firth of Forth so French troops could take her
whatever that is

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21
Q

Why did Cranmer begin preparing to write a new prayer book in Sept 1548

A

Repeal of HVIII’s settlement had not resulted in gradual evolution of Protestantism in England
Instead caused unrest in Helston in defence of Catholic orthodoxy
Suggested England needed a uniform code to follow

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22
Q

What did the First Book of Common Prayer of Dec 1548 outlign

A

Communion in both kinds confirmed
Plain hosts
No elevation of host
No exorcism by salt (I SHUD FUCKIN HOPE SO) or signing cross over child in Baptisms
No blessing of rings in marriages
No prayers for dead in burials
Feast/Holy days reduced only to Christmas, Easter, Whitsun and a few saints’ days
No feasts of the Virgin (ig we all gon starve)
Transubstiation could b inferred in the wording of Latin Eucharist which remained intact

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23
Q

What was the First Act of Uniformity of 1549

A

No more regional variations in services
English language for entire service rather than just parts of it
Enforced 1st Book of Common Prayer

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24
Q

Why was Thomas Seymour, Somerset’s brother, executed in March 1549

A

Convicted of treason by his brother
he mustve taken the last sesame snaps outta the box
Based off an allegation that he sexually abused teenage Princess Elizabeth in hopes to marry her and seize control of the king
mf deserved to die in that case

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25
Q

What made the commoners angry in April 1549 to do w enclosure

A

Gov pardoned those who illegally enclosed land despite the enclosures commission by Somerset

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26
Q

What was Somerset known as due to his hatred of enclosure

A

The poor man’s friend
known to b sympathetic to the poor

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27
Q

Why did the Western Rising begin

A

English Book of Common Prayer challenged regional identity
Local hostility to gov officials
Economic hardships (Hales’ tax on sheep, debasement that caused inflation, collapse tin-mining)

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28
Q

What did the Subsidy Act of March 1549 do

A

Embraced poll tax on sheep and a purchase tax on woollen cloth

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29
Q

What caused a second rebellion known as the Kett’s Rebellion on the 9th July 1549

A

Gov announced second enclosures commision with the power to forcibly reverse illegal enclosure
just a complicated way of saying we pro-enclosure now mfs
The rebels wud then send a list of demands to the Privy Council to reverse these changes

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30
Q

What happened from 22nd July to end of August 1549

A

Kett rebels captured Norwich
Marquis of Northampton retook Norwich and offered pardon
Pardon was refused by rebels
Kett retook Norwich again
i wish to visit norwich to see what all the fuss is abt
me? personally? i wud head str8 to kingston n capture her. love me some bentalls

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31
Q

Why did France declare war on England in Aug 1549

A

King Henry VII of France wanted to recapture Boulogne

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32
Q

What ended the Western Rebellion on August 16th 1549

A

Losing the Battle of Sampford Courtenay

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33
Q

Who was good duke n who was bad duke

A

Good - Somerset
Bad - Northumberland
personally id swap em around but u do u historians
yolo

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34
Q

What did the Kett rebels do w the pardon offered by Dudley

A

Refused it
classic kett

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35
Q

How did Kett’s Rebellion come to an end on 27th Aug 1549

A

Crushed by Dudley, Earl of Warwick
Kett (obvi the rebellion leader) was arrested and hanged in December
Dudley had military strength and Privy Council support due to this so that he could oust Somerset

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36
Q

What was the Act against images of Nov 1549

A

rlly useless q but here we go
Stripped churches of remaining vestments, plate, candlesticks and statues

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37
Q

What acts from Somerset did Dudley repeal in Jan 1550 as his parliament reign began

A

Vagabond Act
Somerset’s tax on sheep n cloth

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38
Q

Who was banned from court due to plotting against Northumberland in Jan 1550

A

Arundel and Southampton

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39
Q

What was the Treaty of Boulogne of March 1550

A

Peace w France and England
England withdraws from Scotland n France regains Boulogne in return for an indemnity (compensation paid to England for loss of land)

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40
Q

Why did Northumberland readmit Somerset to the Council in April 1550

A

Wanted support of him and his allies against his enemies like Arundel and Southampton

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41
Q

Why was Joan Bucher of Kent burned in May 1550

A

Denied humanity of Christ

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42
Q

Did both dukes continue debasement

A

Somerset did all throughout time in power
Northumberland knew it caused inflation so only did once more than ended it

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43
Q

What was the reason for the final debasement of the coinage in 1551

A

To create high quality coins whilst waiting for recoinage
To stimulate demand for English cloth abroad
To reduce inflation

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44
Q

Why did Dudley arrest Seymour for the 2nd time in Oct 1551

A

For treason
Seymour allegedly plotted to murder Northumberland

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45
Q

What did the New Treason Act of Jan 1552 do

A

Intended to give gov more scope for charging anyone who might object to upcoming 2nd Book of Common Prayer
coming to local bookstores near u
Continued 1547’s distinction between written/spoken denials of supremacy
However added in whole list of words that were also treason if used abt king
-Heretic
-Tyrant
-Schismatic
-Infidel
-Usurper

why dont ppl try just whispering em

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46
Q

What did the 2nd Book of Common Prayer of Jan 1552 include

A

Traditional robes were no longer to be worn
Sign of cross prohibited
Prayers for dead were removed from service
Altars were replaced by communion tables
or as i like to call it, the feelings circle
Laity wud continue to receive both bread n wine
Eucharist now called The Lord’s Supper n was only act of remembrance

47
Q

What did the 2nd Act of Uniformity of April 1552 do

A

Enforced 2nd Book of Common Prayer

48
Q

What was the New Poor Law of April 1552

A

Parishes to collect n distribute alms (changed from HVIII poor law where it was responsibility of JPs)
Alleviated some of the economic hardship of the commons
They were suffering economic hardships from debasement, inflation n enclosure, collapse of regional industries (like tin mining in Cornwall n cloth trade w Antwerp), no longer monasteries/chantries to offer alms

49
Q

Why did Parliament reject Cranmer’s attempt to enforce a new canon law that wud give the Church the power to excommunicate ppl

A

It wud make the Church more powerful than the state

50
Q

Why did Dudley get Lady Jane Grey to marry his son, Guildford Dudley in May 1553

A

Dudley knew Edward was ailing (in poor health) n wanted to protect his own power base by changing the succession to Lady Jane Grey n hoped that England wud still have a king (his son)
Also meant England wud remain Protestant n not go to his Catholic older sister, future Bloody Mary
This plan to change the succession became known as the Devyse
evil name for an evil plan

51
Q

What scored Northumberland his title of bad duke

A

The Devyse
A selfish plan to keep power after the king’s untimely soon death

52
Q

Why did Edward sign the letters patent that altered the succession in favour of LJG

A

Wanted to protect the reformist settlement
He knew Mary wud return England to Catholicism

53
Q

How many peers and civic leaders signed the letters patent for the Devyse in June 1553

A

100

54
Q

Where did Mary flee to in June 1553 to avoid the summons to court where she knew she wud be arrested after hearing of the Devyse

A

Norfolk

55
Q

Why was Edward’s death kept a secret

A

Privy Council wanted time to capture Mar and install LJG as queen

56
Q

Where did Northumberland leave London w an army to meet Mary’s forces to

A

East Anglia

57
Q

What did the Privy Council do once Northumberland was out of London

A

Defected to Mary

58
Q

What happened to LJG

A

Was disposed on 19th July 1553
Only queen for 9 days
still longer than me tho cant complain im still at 0
She was then executed in Feb 1554 in Tower of London at only 17 yrs old

59
Q

What do ppl often refer to Edward as in terms of, specifically historian Penry Williams (politics, chessboard)
and yes his name is penry tis not a typo <3

A

he liked em idk
well a lil
but no
“Edward was a cypher in politics, exercising little influence of his own. He was like a king on a chessboard”
He had potential, figurative power but not literal

60
Q

What were the problems with Edward’s accession to the throne

A

Country religiously divided
Crown finances had been ruined by expensive wars vs France n Scotland
auld alliance shi
Debasement = inflation
Decline in real wages
Crown compromised long term security by selling monastic lands to raise money quickly
Insolvent crown

61
Q

What was in HVIII’s will

A

Regency council to govern England during Edward’s minority
Set up country correctly in Protestant perspective, ready for Edward’s coming-of-age arrival

62
Q

What happened to the Regency Council

A

Didn’t last long
Promptly delegated power to Hertford who was appointed Protector at the time

63
Q

What did Somerset do to enforce his power after he secured control

A

by showing off his rlly cool handstands
By controlling Privy Chamber thru appointment of supporter, Sir Michael Stanhope

64
Q

Who is this Michael Stanhope

A

we stan his hopeful attitude
anyway
Was Somerset’s brother in law
bro tryna keep it in the family

65
Q

What were some of Somerset’s policy failings

A

His approach to foreign policy w Scotland
Badly mishandled 1549 rebellions
did anyone ask 4 his content to b mentioned in the textbook
in this economy?
no? well lets start there

66
Q

Whose support did Northumberland n his supporters try n secure b4 he came to power later on

A

Princess Mary but she wanted to steer clear of any conspiracy
she aint yoloing

67
Q

How did Somerset fall from power

A

ze exploding kind
ffs
wrong joke 4 wrong flashcard
amnyhoo
what an excellent question
i am currently writing this on the edge of my seat abt to read some notes 4 i do not know the answer to this
r u too on the edges of ur seats ladies? or gents…it wudve been a while since i wrote this to u learning em u procrastinating bitches so u might identify as men by now im not sure
anyways
wait
i just realised ive done this flashcard b4
imma kms
but as a reminder
Costly wars
Economic mismanagementn
Brought crown into financial ruin
Imprisoned twice
Eventually hung
U get the drill luv ya<3

68
Q

What is a coup

A

smth u r not a part of…a couple
sorry didnt mean to start crying
A sudden, violent and unlawful seizure of power from a government
i need to stop sweating from my eyes
its just so bloody sad

69
Q

How did Warwick (Northymberland, not to b confused w Earl of Warwick from HVII who caused more problems then I did from when I was 14)

LMAO I JUST GON BACK TO EDIT THIS N REALISED I DIDNT FINISH THE Q
HOW DOES A KIDNEY TRANSPLANT
anyhoo
How did Warwick consolidate his power

A

Presided as Lord President of the Council
Performed a second coup to consoldiate his power, which was directed at the conservatives
Later assumed that wearwick always intended to do the second coup to b able to exercise unlimited power

70
Q

i made a lot of spelling mistakes in these flaschards
no it is not 3am
it is 1130am on a thursday
i shud b awake

A

im sorry

71
Q

Why good n bad duke
hm
guess u never questioned it did u U FREAKING CONFORMIST

A

N = bad duke, shown as ruthless for coups against S n conservatives, securing S execution n Devyse
S = good duke, im not kidding ppl were just like he wasnt so bad so there

72
Q

How did American historian Dale Hoak attempt to defend Northumberland despite his bad duke title

A

he gave good head
no
well maybe
He claimed that N was no more unscrupulous than any other leading Tudor politician
Said he was “one of the most remarkably able governors of any European state during the 16th century”
a grand compliment. why wudntt hoak say that bout me

73
Q

Who became Northumberland’s key administrator

A

William Cecil

74
Q

What was N’s main priority in gov

A

Peace in the realm
England needed a period of stabilisation
So he sought to have sound control over Privy Council and localities
Became less conciliar

75
Q

What was the original plan of succession in HVIII’s will

A

Edward
If Edward dies without children he shud b succeeded by Princess Mary

76
Q

What did the Devyse do to the succession

A

Would declare Mary and Elizabeth illegitimate
So if Edward were to die, succession would fall upon Lady Jane Grey (daughter-in-law)
silly lil bugger

77
Q

Now how did the Devyse collapse

A

well let me tell u
me n the blacksmith were DYING at the time
was quite the joke of the evening
Edward died on 6th July 1553 b4 parliament cud meet selfish fuckah
Without parliamentary sanction the Devyse was patently illegal

78
Q

What was Somerset’s approach to Scotland

A

Very aggressive
like me n ur mum last night
anyhoo
Determined by strategic objective to reassert ancient claim to scottish throne

79
Q

How did Somerset’s approach to Scotland differ from HVIII’s

A

HVIII was only aggressive to Scots to sideshow main action against France
But Somerset just wanted to defeat Scotland

80
Q

What was Somerset’s strategy to defeat Scotland

A

To defeat the Scots in battle, build and garrison a number of forts in the borders and south of Scotland and force them into submission

81
Q

How did Somerset’s Scotland strategy succeed

A

Defeated Scots at the Battle of Pinkie in Sep 1547
go them ig

u may b asking why im a lil salty abt this
well spotted

its cos m n dave were supposed to b leading the battle but then dave was shot in the head cos he stole edwards horse to get there
he died in front of me
so i quickly dug a hole to crete in 15 seconds n was frozen there for a couple centuries n came back in 2005
so yh
im a lil salty
n a lil cold

82
Q

What was Northumerberland’s approach to foreign policy

A

Was concerned with expenditure on France and Scotland wars, so reduced it to help stabilise the Crown’s finances

83
Q

How did Northumberland’s plan to reduce expedentiture in FP succeed

A

wow i spewlt that wrong
anyhoo
Returned Boulogne to France, which brought about an immediate improvement in Crown’s financial position

84
Q

How did Northumberland’s plan to reduce expedentiture in FP fail

A

Return of Boulogne perceived as humiliating FP defeat
WELL U CANT HAVE EVERYTHING

85
Q

What are some stereotypes of Edward that ARE WWRONG

A

Sickly child
only sick on em waves bro
Underestimated
Ignorant
Useless
kinda negative but ok

86
Q

What are the realities of Edward to defeat said stereotypes

A

Was healthy, only got sick later on in life
Was highly intelligent, attended council meetings
Wrote his own lil book “Edward VI’s Chronicle” in 3rd person
Was very cold and stubborn
“Boy tyrant”
Rlly interested in learning languages like Greek, loved astronomy, jousting, archery and hunting
twas an alpha male at 9 yrs old icl

87
Q

What was the dif in style of gov between N and S
very cool n slang
i am suave

A

S = autocratic, without gov
N = collective efforts, w Privy Council

88
Q

Who was John Hales

A

Appointed JP and then MP
Was opposed to enclosure
Supported Somerset’s economic policy

89
Q

Who was Thomas Smith

A

Linked to treasury as he was the Secretary of State
Involved w Somerset
thats a lot of sssss
so let me translate for the lisps out there
the Threcretary of Thate
involved w Thomerset

90
Q

Who was William Paget

A

King’s Secretary
Highly trusted
idk him so imma keep my distance i watched star wars ik betrayal when i see it
ANAKIN U WERE THE CHOSEN ONE
Key member of the Privy Council

91
Q

What religion were S and N

A

Both strongly Protestant
good for eddie ig

92
Q

What % of Londoners were Protestant by 1547

A

20%
u have no idea how many times i had to retype londoners i kept writing londonders
idk why

93
Q

Who was Nicholas Ridley

A

Leader of London Protestantism
Cambridge level student
Chaplain to HVIII and quickly emerged as prominent in EDVI reign

94
Q

What is iconoclasm

A

me
an icon
icononclasmic

well no
close
but in detail

The breaking of images
Part of Protestant reform

95
Q

What does Zwinglian mean
no im not making that up

A

Relating to or characteristic of the Swiss Protestant reformer Ulrich Zwingli or his doctrine
ofc everyones first guess

96
Q

What were Cranmer’s Forty-Two Articles of Religion

A

Issued in June 1553
Defined essentials of CoE faith
Reflected influence on Cranmer of Swiss reformers Zwingli and Bullinger
But king died within few weeks of issue meant it was never implemented

97
Q

Why did people spend less on church goods and leave less money to the Church post 1540

A

Reaction to destructive attitudes of Crown
People increasingly felt there was lil point in leaving money to Church if was chance bequests wud b confiscated by Crown (bequest meaning legacy)

98
Q

What was the crisis in parishes during his reign

A

Guilds n special funds abolished
Services became plainer
Plays n ales were abolished

99
Q

How did parishes try to avoid the Crown taking their plates and jewels (treasury)

A

Selling them
simples

100
Q

What is John Guy’s view of 1549 (rebellion yr)

A

Was “the closest thing Tudor England came to a class war”
ok
sure
but like
who asked

101
Q

What is another name for the Western Rebellion

A

The Prayer Book Rebellion
cos
u know
they rebelled against a prayer book

102
Q

What happened w the maintenance of trade w Netherlands during N’s control

A

Broke down trade because of Protestantism in 1550
Normal relations were re-established with France (Charles V) in 1552 to sustain economy

103
Q

now
go look at the picture of hviii in bed dying pointing at edward n talk abt it

A

now

104
Q

Why don’t ppl often talk abt Edward grieving his mother Jane

A

Cos as a royal baby he wouldn’t normally spend a lot of time w his mother, so he didn’t miss much
Were subsitutues for affection
Mary and Elizabeth were also always w him

105
Q

Where was the heartland of Protestantism

A

u guessed it
or didnt
Germany

106
Q

Who delivered the sermons at Edward’s coronation that spoke of reforming Church of England

A

Thomas Cranmer
who else
cheeky bugger

107
Q

Why did Somerset take Edward to Windsor Castle n why was Eddie unhappy w the situation

A

To hide him from hearing of an upcoming coup
Eddie didn’t like the conditions of the castle (no galleries, no gardens, etc) so he overexaggerated conditions of his cold that he caught on the way
yh cos all my castles have fuckin galleries n shi
ungrateful lil rat

108
Q

How was Edward’s royal progress of summer 1552 significant

A

He wud stay in houses of aristocratic courtiers for few days at a time, hunting in their parks and being wined and dined
Was seen as an important figurehead
First real opportunity to be seen
bestie was 14 n downing spiritis w no tmrw

109
Q

What is England believed to have become at the time if Edward had a long reign

A

Modernised
More efficient
Militarised (vast army n network of efficient fortifications)
Centralised the economy (planning markets n investing in industry which did not happen for another century in Europe since obvi Eddie kicked the bucket)
Created Protestant extremism
Modern, Protestant state (like what happened in Prussia n Sweden)

110
Q

Why did ppl want Mary to take over after Edward despite the Devyse

A

Cos the ppl wanted a real Tudor as the next monarch to continue the dynasty despite her being Catholic

111
Q

What did Edward do in 1552 that begun to show his good quality government

A

Made links with foreign ambassadors
Drafted plans to fortify Portsmouth with a standing army
Plans to establish English textile market to rival Antwerp’s

112
Q

How did Somerset bypass Edward’s approval to complete his own initiatives while in rule

A

Used the king’s stamp (seal)
cheeky one

113
Q

What quote from historian Dickens suggests that the Protestant reformation was long-term, even into Mary’s reign

A

“The forest of Protestantism was spreading relentlessly across the landscape of a nation”
But these views r often distorted w retrospect into Elizabeth’s rule who made the country permanently Protestant

114
Q

How often were the clergy instructed to preach with Cranmer’s Book of Homilies

A

4 times a year

115
Q
A

History A-Level - Tudors (10 decks)

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