EDUCATION POLICY 1997 - PRESENT DAY Flashcards
what are the 6 new labours social democratic policies
- EDUCATION ACTION ZONE: designating some areas of eazs - providing additional resources here
- AIM HIGHER: aims to raise aspirations of under represented groups in higher education
- EDUCATION MAINTENANCE ALLOWANCES: payments to students from lower income background, encouraging them to stay in edu post 16
- NATIONAL LITERACY AND NUMERACY STRATEGIES: literacy and numeracy hours introduced to benefit most disadvantaged groups to reduce inequality
- CITY ACADEMIES: fresh start to inner city schools with wc pupils - local businesses sponsored them and had influence over the school - later expanded by conservatives after 2010
- SURE START CENTRES: compensatory education policy, nation wide aimed at pre school children and their parents teaching parenting skills and provide a full day of care to poorer families
what was sugarmans working class subculture and what did he find and what does it link to
LINK TO EMA:
many working class pupils left school as early as they could to work and provide for their family, EMA was designed to encourage pupils to stay on post 16
what is a criticism of EMA
the money was supposed to be spent on educational resources however it was often spent on no educational purchases
how does the social democratic policy - national numeracy and literacy strategies link to the cultural deprivation theory
- lang barriers = seen as major obstacle for wc and em pupils
- raising literacy and numeracy hours aimed to help their performance
what is a criticisms of new labours social democratic policies
MELISSA BENN:
saw a contradiction between labours policies to tackle inequality and its commitment to marketisation:
- for example: paying pupils to stay on at education but also introducing hgiher tuition fees for higher education
what where the two marketisation policies introduced by new labour
- specialist schools: schools apply, to raise status of school from a bog standard comprehensive, gave parents chance to send their children to a school that matches their child’s ability
2.value added targets and league tables: measuring the academic growth of a student over their time in a school, seen as better measure of teaching quality
what are 2 criticisms of labours marketisation policies?
- successful schools increasingly cream skim the most able to maintain or improve their results
- the emphasis on results and league tables has led to teachers teaching to the test and neglecting broader aims of education
what are the three main coalition policies from 2010-2015
- ACADEMIES:
- 2010: all schools encouraged to leave local authority control and become academies
- funding taken from local authority and given to academies by gov
- given more control over curriculum
many are run by private run education businesses but funded by the state - FREE SCHOOLS
- funded by state
- set up and run by parents teachers faith organisations rather than local authority
- claim to meet the needs of parents if unhappy with the state school in the area - UNIVERISTY TUITION FEES:
- can now charge up to £9000 for tuition
- impact wc and their higher educational decisions
what is a criticism of coalition marketisation policies
BALL:
by promoting academies and free school there is an increase in fragmentation and increased centralisation of control over educational provision in England
what where two things the new labour did to reduce inequality
- free school meals for all children in reception year one and year two - universal benefit (something everyone gets)
- the pupil premium: money that schools receive for each pupil from disadvantaged backgrounds
what did the coalition policies shut down
sure start centres, EMA this reduced opportunity’s for the working class
what is a criticism of the pupil premium
OFSTED 2012: in many cases the pupil premium isnt spent on those it is supposed to help - one in ten head teachers said it had significantly changed how they supported pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds
