Editing Flashcards

1
Q

Editing

A
  • governs relationship between shots
  • post-production
  • affects structure of material rather than content
  • shots affected by context
  • additive: strung together chain of images
  • subtractive: new shot replaces preceeding
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2
Q

Types of Transitions

A
  1. straight cut
  2. fade-out/fade-in
  3. dissolve
  4. wipe
  5. iris-out/iris-in
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3
Q

Straight Cut

A
  • instantaneous change, abrupt

- most popular

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4
Q

Fade in/out

A
-gradual
In: begins black
Out: darkens at end
-usually combined
-can use other colours
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5
Q

Dissolve

A
  • shots seem to fade in together

- for a brief moment, you can see both

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6
Q

Wipe

A
  • usually used for a comedic effect

- boundary lone moves across the frame

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7
Q

Iris in/out

A

-circular mask widens for in, becomes small for out

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8
Q

Dimensions of Film Editing

A
  1. graphic relations
  2. rhythmic relations
  3. spatial relations
  4. temporal relations
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9
Q

graphic match

A
  • emphasize graphic relations
  • takes qualities and puts it in the next shot
  • main point of interest roughly constant
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10
Q

flashback

A

-plot moves back to show events that occurred earlier than ones already shown

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11
Q

flash-forward

A

-plot moves forward to show future events then moves back to the present

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12
Q

elliptical editing

A
  • eliminates some material
  • stream-line story
  • less tome onscreen than in story
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13
Q

overlapping editing

A
  • drawing out shot/extend duration

- action end of one shot partly repeated at beginning of next

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14
Q

180 degree rule

A
  • shoot only on 1 side of axis: attributes, direction, position of object in space remain same
  • if broken, space will be unnavigable, illegible
  • on one side, components + indicators of space will be consistent
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15
Q

180 degree line/axis of action

A

-imaginary line through action

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16
Q

establishing shot

A
  • long shot establishing space

- broken down to significant portions-breakdown move in shots

17
Q

re-establishing shot

A
  • can come in middle to remind viewers of what space looks like
  • reestablishes the space
18
Q

shot/reverse-shot editing

A
  • dialogue, exchange
  • ppl constitute ends of axis
  • cut back + forth
  • symmetry
19
Q

eyeline match

A
  • consistent sightlines

- shows us what the characters are looking at after we see the character looking

20
Q

match on action

A
  • allows cut to be invisible because we are absorbed in the continuous action
  • ensure direction of action is consistent
21
Q

crosscutting (a.k.a. parallel editing)

A
  • cutting betw. 2 shots in diff. spaces, which suggest they are happening simultaneously
  • could involve more that 2 lines of action
  • unrestricted narration
22
Q

jump cut

A

-2 shots of same subject, differ only slightly

23
Q

graphic relations

A
  • how they work together or against each other
  • lines, shape, tone, composition, movement
  • same=smooth transition
  • different=jarring
  • cuts create graphic relationship betw. shots
24
Q

accelerated editing

A
  • duration becomes shorter + shorter

- suspense

25
rhythmic relations
- determines tempo | - brief shots=quick, long take=slow, same duration=steady tempo
26
temporal relations
- interruption on temporal progression | - may control chronology: affect story-plot relations
27
Kuleshov Effect
- edited together 3 shots to create creative geography - men walking together in diff. cities - spectators assume they're in the same city - cutting creates performance - cutting together portions of space that prompts spectator to assume a spatial that isn't show onscreen
28
Continuity Editing
- conventions set - widely accepted+incredibly prevalent - given all info needed to orient selves - minimize disruptive potential of cutting - emphasize coherence over fragmentation - continuity over interruption - ensuring the smooth flow of action from one shot to the next
29
spatial relations
- create worlds that don't exist, only in our mind | - we assume spaces are contiguous
30
Creating Continuity
- graphic similarities between shots:keep look consistent - regular rhythmic relations between shots: ensure shots are long enough - the creation of coherent and consistent space - minimal manipulation of temporal order and duration: signal clearly when manipulations occur
31
techniques employed in continuity editing
- 180 degree rule - systematic establishment, break-down, and re-establishment of space - sightlines (eyeline match) - shot/reverse shot - match on action
32
Discontinuity
- forge graphic, rhythmic, spatial, and/or temporal relations between shots that are not characterized by smoothness and thus render cuts visible rather than invisible. - Yasujiro Ozu, Jean-Luc Godard, Sergei Eisenstein - avante-garde - don't look consistent - shots too fast - break 180 degree rule - temporal discontinuity
33
montage
-large process-brief portions of process