Cinematography Flashcards
shot
- can establish stylistic + narrative
- uninterrupted image betw. 2 edits
- continuous run of film
- usually under 10s
scene
- multiple/1 shot
- segment in narrative
- takes place 1 time+space
high-contrast
- bright white highlights, black area, narrow range of shades
- stark/dramatic
low-contrast
- many intermediate grays/colour shades in betw., no true white/black
- muted emotional state
chiaroscuro
- dramatic effect of contrasting areas of light and dark
- film noir
saturated and desaturated colors
-intensity of the colour
underexposure and overexposure
-amount of light that passes through camera
fast-motion and slow-motion
- speed film is shot + projected
fast: shooting slower speed (expressive/subjective)
slow: shoot faster than 24fps (prolong/emphasize)
wide-angle lens
- short focal length
- enhances depth
- skews lines at edge
- perceive a greater distance
telephoto lens
long
- magnify things at distance
- reduction/condensing of planes
- it takes ppl longer to walk
zoom lens
-rapid magnification/demagnification
depth of field
- what is in focus
- range of distances within which objects can be in sharp focus
selective focus
- only 1/more planes in focus
- we tend to look at what’s in focus
- tells us where to look
deep focus cinematography
- gaze can go anywhere
- fore, middle, background in focus
rack focus
-depth of field changing
superimposition
-images laid over are another, multiple perspectives
mask
- changes images shape
- iris: circular mask over lens or over printer
- blocks out certain portions of frame
low-angle and high-angle shot vs. straight on
- low: look up
- high: look down
canted vs. level framing
- canted: slanted
- level: parallel to horizon
shot scale: ELS, LS, MLS, MS, MCU, CU, ECU
- ELS: human dwarfed
- LS: more prominent
- MLS: knees up
- MS: waist up
- MCU: chest up
- CU: face/hand/foot
- ECU: miniscule part of
pan vs. tilt
pan: rotates on fixed vertical axis
tilt: rotates on fixed horizontal axis
tracking shot vs. crane shot
- move on the ground often allongside characters
- crane: vertical movement into the air
hand-held camera vs. steadicam
- hand: shakiness
- steady: controlled body mount
Renaissance perspective
- creates an illusion of depth-vanishing point + scaling of size
- Jesus painting
split-screen imagery
-composite image of multiple
reframing
-frame follows/adjusts to movement
cinematography
- how camera captures M-E-S
- writing in movement
- camera will regulate how light will be registered on medium
sequence
- flexible term
- single stretch of actions/portion
- 1+multiple scenes
- shot<sequence
- self sufficient, has logic, line of action
filters
- achieve effect for camera
- important in outdoor shots when can’t use ighting filter
framing
- boundaries of image
- dimension and shape: aspect ratio and masking
- onscreen and offscreen space
- camera position: angle, level, height, and distance
Duration of the shot
-rhythm across multiple shots
long take/prolonged take
-shot that exists for a considerable amount of time (typically in excess of 30-45 seconds) without any break in filming
sequence shot
-long take that possesses its own internal logic and seems self-sufficient
photographic qualities of the shot
- range of tonalities: how light registers on film
- film stock, rate of exposure, and filters
range of tonalities
- finely detailed, saturation, vivid, high/low contrast
- speed of motion
- perspective: lens choice + depth of field
- control of image’s range of tines + shades
dimension
- aspect ratio
- standard: 30s-50s-academy ratio 1.33:1
- 50s- : 1.85:1/2.35:1
- contemporary: widescreen=1.85:1
onscreen/offscreen
- can suggest alot about offscreen space
- anything up, down, left, right, behind things, behind camera zones
high vs. low camera
-height of camera
POV shot
- provides us with vantage of story world from character POV
- subjective narration
lens
- distance from centre of lens to point where light rays converge to a point of focus on film
- alters size+proportions+how much depth we perceive
