ecosystems 7 Flashcards
what is disruptive selection?🌹
when individuals containing the alleles for the extreme trait are more likely to survive and pass on their alleles
what is speciation?🌞
the creation of a new species
when one original population becomes reproductively isolated eg a geographical barrier- they cannot breed together- there’s 2 new species
what’s allopatric vs sympatric speciation?🛩️
allopatric-when their geographically isolated eg a mountain range
so now each species accumulate different beneficial mutations
sympatric-become reproductively isolated due to differences in behaviour eg a mutation impacted reproductive behaviour eg different courtship rituals
what’s genetic drift?🩷
the change in allele frequency in a population between generations
continual, substantial genetic drift results in evolution
what’s a population?
what’s a community?
what’s an ecosystem?
population-group of orangish of the same species living in a habitat
community-all the populations of different species in the same area at the same time
ecosystem-a community and the biotic and abiotic factors or an environment
what’s a niche?🤍
an organisms role within an ecosystem- including their position in the food web and habitat.
how does the pioneer species first colonise and how do they encourage more to come?🌸
cuz they’re adopted to survive in harsh conditions and thru their death and decomposition they change the abiotic factors to be less harsh and form soil x
what’s secondary succession?🐬
when succession is disrupted and plants are destroyed.
successions starts again but soil is already created so it’s not as difficult to start again
what’s conservation?👑
the protection and management of species and habitats in order to maintain biodiversity
3 methods of conservation?🧜🏼♀️
-fishing quotas (restrict amount of fish species that can be caught)
-seed banks (seed stores- plants can be reintroduced if they go extinct)
-captive breeding (breeding in controlled envs)
what’s a selection pressure?🐉
external pressures which affect an organisms ability to survive in a given environment- env factors can limit the population
