ECONOMY AND SOCIETY: Stage Two Collectivisation Flashcards
When did the process of collectivisation speed up again?
Once the peasants had sown the spring crop in 1931
The rate of collectivisation increased to reach 100% of households by 1941
What was the typical collective farm known as?
A kolkhoz
Created by combining small individual farms together in a cooperative structure
What did many kolkhoz comprise of?
a single village in which the peasants lived in the same houses as before and had a plot of land of their own to work on as well as farming in the communal fields
75 families and their livestock
How was a kolkhoz created?
Communal fields had to be mapped out
work parties had to join the peasants to dig new ditches, erect new fences and sometimes establish communal buildings
In some of the larger kolkhozes schools and clinics were established
Kolkhozes had to deliver a set quota of produce to the state. How high was this?
Up to 40% of crops
A low purchase price was set by the government but the farm wasn’t paid if the quotas weren’t met
How were profit/goods shared among the collective farm members?
According to the number of labour days he or she had contributed to the farming year
From 1932 kolkhozes were able to sell any left over produce in a collective farm market
Could peasants leave the kolkhozes?
Forbidden from leaving through a system of internal passports from 1932
When was stage two collectivisation?
1930-1941
How did the communists control the rural areas?
Each kolkhoz was under the control of a communist party member who acted as chairman of the collective
