New Economic Policy

Question 1

What caused the NEP to be implemented?

Answer 1

The failing policy of War Communism and the Kronstadt Rising in 1921.

Question 2

When did Lenin announce the NEP?

Answer 2

March 1921.

Question 3

Who supported the NEP a lot?

Answer 3

Kamenev and Zionivev.

Question 4

What did traditional Bolsheviks see the NEP as?

Answer 4

An ideological BETRAYAL.

Question 5

Which agricultural measure did the NEP bring to an end? What was introduced instead?

Answer 5

The Requisitioning of the Grain. A quota was to be given to the state instead. In 1923 this quote changed to a monetary tax.

Question 6

The ban of which capitalist feature was lifted?

Answer 6

The ban on private trade.

Question 7

Which industries did the state control?

Answer 7

Only COS = Coal, Oil, Steel. So just heavy industry.

Question 8

What else was ended? (To do with food consumption).

Answer 8

Rationing came to an end! Managers now paid people with money by the piece (for the amount of work they did).

Question 9

What was the general impact of the NEP? Good, or bad?

Answer 9

Economically effective, so good.

Question 10

Which businesses began to thrive now that the NEP had been implemented?

Answer 10

Small businesses such as restaurants and shops in the cities.

Question 11

What happened to Agricultural Production as a result of the NEP? Which class re-emerged as a result of this?

Answer 11

It SOARED! Kulaks came out to play once again.

Question 12

What was the Scissor Crisis of 1923? How did the Government combat it?

Answer 12

Agricultural Production kept on increasing, so the value of the produce (price) kept decreasing.
The Government worried that because there weren’t many consumer goods to buy, peasants would withhold their stock, so they introduced a monetary tax in 1923 to force them to sell. Fixed by 1926.

Question 13

How many private traders were operating in Moscow in 1925? Which percentage of trade in Moscow were they responsible for?

Answer 13

25,000 Nepmen. Responsible for 75% of trade.

Question 14

Why did the Bolsheviks tolerate Nepmen?

Answer 14

Because they stimulated the economy and paid their taxes.

Question 15

What did traditional Bolsheviks see the NEP as?

Answer 15

A retreat to capitalism.

Question 16

What was Lenin’s quote about the NEP?

Answer 16

‘One step backwards, two step forwards.’

Question 17

What did Zinoviev call the NEP?

Answer 17

A temporary and tactical retreat.

Question 18

When was the Ban on Factions introduced? And why?

Answer 18

March 1921. To remove opposition to the Bolsheviks’ regime and to prevent repeats of parties such as the Workers Opposition Group developing again.

Question 19

What happened the Mensheviks and Social Revolutionaries?

Answer 19

Some killed, of course, but they were also straight up banned. Bye bitch.

Question 20

What did the Cheka become in 1922?

Answer 20

GPU. More powerful than ever before.

Question 21

Lenin used show trials to kill some Mensheviks and SRs, how many did he kill?

Answer 21

11 SRs/Mensheviks as a warning.

Question 22

What became illegal in 1922 to do with free speech?

Answer 22

Criticising the government became illegal.

Question 23

How was religion attacked in 1922?

Answer 23

Union of the Militant Godless was founded. They stripped the Church of wealth, arrested priests and even killed some.

Question 24

What was the Nomenklatura of 1923?

Answer 24

A list of 5000 government posts.

Question 25

Who could appoint people to positions from list of the Nomenklatura?

Answer 25

Central Party Bodies only could elect selected Party members. They received material awards.