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Science > Ecology > Flashcards

Ecology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Defn symbiosis

A

Two species having a very close relationship that st least one relies on

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2
Q

Defn mutualism

A

A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit

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3
Q

Drfn commensalism

A

A symbiotic relationship in which one benefits and the other is not affected

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4
Q

Defn parasitism

A

A symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is harmed

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5
Q

Defn niche

A

A species requirement for survival

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6
Q

Defn biodiversity

A

The variety of plant and animals life in the world or a particular habitat

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7
Q

Defn biome

A

A large naturally occurring community of flora and fauna occupying a major habitat

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8
Q

Defn tundra

A

Low temperatures
Minimal tree growth
Short growing seasons

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9
Q

Where is tundra

A

Canada
Russia
Iceland

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10
Q

Defn grasslands

A

Grasses flowers and herbs
Precipitation enough for grass
Humid
Seasonal

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11
Q

Where are grasslands

A

Argentina

Ukraine

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12
Q

Defn desert

A

Barren
Hot or cold
Hostile for plant and animal growth
Minimal trees

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13
Q

Where is desert

A

Ausgralia

North Africa

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14
Q

Defn tropical rainforest

A

Tall trees
50-260 inches of rain per year
Humid
70% plants are trees

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15
Q

Where is tropical rainforest

A

Indonesia

South America

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16
Q

Defn taiga

A

Snow
Rain in summers
Coniferous trees

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17
Q

Where is taiga

A

North America

Eurasia

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18
Q

What are the 5 spheres?

A 
Atmosphere
Biosphere
Lithosphere
Hydrosphere
Cryosphere
19
Q

Defn atmosphere

A

Extends from the earths surface for several hundred kms

20
Q

Defn biosphere

A

All living things from single celled bacteria to plants and animals

21
Q

Defn lithosphere

A

Includes all minerals and rocks, molten rocks, sediments and soil

22
Q

Defn hydrosphere

A

Includes all ocean, lakes, rivers, streaks and water vapour

23
Q

Defn cryosphere

A

Frozen part of the earth system including snow, glaciers and sea ice

24
Q

What is the enhanced greenhouse effect

A

Melting of ice
Ocean acidification
Permafrost melting
Rising sea levels

25
Q

What happens when permafrost melts

A

It stores massive amounts of carbon dioxide and methane gases are released as a result of melting

26
Q

Defn thermal expansion

A

Water temperature increases, causing expansion

27
Q

What causes melting ice

A

Imbalance of seasons
Hot summers cause run off ratio
Ocean evaporation

28
Q

What causes ocean acidification

A

Half of man made carbon dioxide is absorbed by the ocean
Alters water chemistry and marine life cycles
Carbonic acid

29
Q

Defn abiotic

A

A non living factor

TEMP
SUN
OXYGEN

30
Q

Defn biotic

A

A living organism

PLANTS
ANIMALS
BACTERIA

31
Q

What is the greenhouse effect

A

The trapping of the suns warmth in the lower atmosphere due to greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun

32
Q

Defn fossil fuels

A

A natural fuel formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms

33
Q

Fossil fuel examples

A

Coal
Crude oil
Gasss

34
Q

Naturally occurring forms of carbon

A

Diamond
Coal
Graphite

35
Q

Carbon cycle first step

A

Carbon enters the atmosphere as CO2 from respiration and combustion

36
Q

Carbon cycle second step

A

CO2 absorbed by producers to make carbohydrates in photosynthesis

37
Q

Carbon cycle third step

A

Animals feed on plant passing the CO2 down the food chain

38
Q

Carbon cycle fourth step

A

Animals die

39
Q

Carbon cycle fifth step

A

Dead organisms are eaten by decomposers and carbon in bodies is returned to the atmosphere as CO2

40
Q

Water cycle first step

A

Evaporation

41
Q

Water cycle second step

A

Condensation

42
Q

Water cycle third step

A

Precipitation

43
Q

Water cycle fourth step

A

Runoff

Science (19 decks)

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