Earth Structure Flashcards
What is inside the earth?
Layers of rock
How do we know
Humans have drilled 15km of the 6370km into the ground
How else do we know
Seismic waves transfer energy through the crust
What are P-waves
Longitudinal
Goes through solids and liquids
What are s-waves
Transverse
Goes through solids only
What does an increase in speed mean
Increase in density
What are the layers of earth
Crust
Mantle
Outer core
Inner core
How do the layers fit
Core is metal
Dense materials in centre
Light materials on top
What is the crust divided into
Oceanic
Continental
How deep is oceanic
8km
How deep is continental
32km
What is the temperature of crust
22*C
What is the crust broken into
Tectonic plates
What is the oceanic crust made of
Iron Oxygen Silicon Magnesium Aluminium
What is the continental crust made of
Granite
Sedimentary rocks
What is the mantle
Hot dense rock
What is the temperature of the mantle
1400* - 3000*
What is the depth of the upper mantle
670km
What is the upper mantle made of
Iron Oxygen Silicon Magnesium Aluminium
What is the temperature of the lower mantle
3000*
What is the lower mantle
Solid
How deep is the lower mantle
2890km
What is the upper mantle
Solids and liquids
What is the core
Centre of the earth
What is the outer core
Liquid
What is the inner core
Solid
What is the outer core made of
Iron
Nickel
Sulphur
Oxygen
What is the temperature of the outer core
4000* - 6000*
How deep is the inner core
5150km
What is the inner core made of
Iron
Nickel
What is the crust and upper mantle made of
Lithosphere
What’s the upper mantle plastic made of
Asthenosphere
What is the lower mantle made of
Mesosphere
