Ecology

Question 1

What is a habitat?

Answer 1

The environment in which a species normally lives

Question 2

Examples of habitats

Answer 2

Rainforests, savanas

Question 3

What is abiotic factor , examples

Answer 3

A feature of a habitat that’s not alive

Soil type, size, temperature, humidity,shape of the land

Question 4

What is an adaptation

Answer 4

A feature/ a behaviour that an organism has that enables it to live in its environment

Question 5

Examples of adaptation

Answer 5

Streamlined- swim fast for food etc
Early growth and flowering in woodland-they can still get sunlight before trees block the sun
Floating plants- getting maximum sunlight
Hibernation- hide from cold, saves energy

Question 6

What do we need to know to estimate population size?

Answer 6

1) size of the area you want to investigate
2) size of each sample you are taking
3) the number of samples you take

Question 7

Herbivore?

Answer 7

An animal that eats plants

Question 8

Carnivore?

Answer 8

An animal that eats another animal

Question 9

Producer

Answer 9

All plants are producers

Question 10

Consumer

Answer 10

All animals are consumers

Question 11

Tropic level?

Answer 11

The feeding level an organism is found at

Question 12

What is a food chain

Answer 12

A food chain shows the flow of energy in an eco system

Question 13

What are food webs

Answer 13

Show the eating relationships between organisms in a particular habitat

Question 14

How do you draw food chains?

Answer 14

1) Always begin with a producer
2) the arrows always show where the energy is going
3) never use dashes

Question 15

How much % is lost each time a food chain goes past each tropic level

Answer 15

90%

Question 16

Energy can be lost in a food chain by:

Answer 16

• respiration
• excretion
• movement
• not all parts are eaten (roots)

Question 17

Name the 4 ways of transportation (in a river)

Answer 17

Traction- big rocks are rolled along the river bed
Saltation- rocks are bounced along by the river
Suspension- small rocks are suspended in the river flow
Solution- tiny invisible particles dissolved in water

Question 18

Different types of weathering:

Answer 18

Biological: seed, seed cracks the rocks, tree grows

Physical: water goes into a hole and freezes, ice pushes rocks apart and makes the hole bigger

Chemical: acid rain corrodes rocks used for statues and buildings

Question 19

What features do predators have? (3)

Answer 19

Sharp claws- grip on to prey, kill prey

Binocular vision- better judgement on where the animal is and how big it is

Camouflage- they can creep up on prey

Question 20

What features to prey have? (3)

Answer 20

Eyes at the side of their head- so they can see what’s coming

Excellent hearing- they can hear predators coming

Live in herds- some can still keep safe, they can work together

Question 21

What is a predator?

Answer 21

An animal that hunts and kills other animals for food

Question 22

What are prey?

Answer 22

An animal that is hunted by another animal for food

Question 23

Explain eutrophication

Answer 23

……