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Block II > ECM > Flashcards

ECM Flashcards

1
Q

What are the basic things needed to build an animal body?

A

Cells need to stick together, communicate, and need stuff between them to provide structure and shape

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2
Q

What is the defining feature of the animal body

A

The ECM

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3
Q

What are the broad functions of the ECM

A

Structure
Signaling

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4
Q

What tissue is the least/middle/most stiff

A

Blood –> stromal –> bone

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5
Q

What determines the biomechanical properties of tissues

A

ECM composition

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6
Q

How is the ECM related ti growth factors

A

Stores them until they’re needed
Can activate or destroy them

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7
Q

Who produces the ECM

A

Proteoglycans and GAGs
Fibrous proteins
Glycoproteins

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8
Q

Proteoglycan and GAG examples

A

Hyaluronan
Aggrecan
perlecan
Decorin

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9
Q

Fibrous protein examples

A

Type IV collagen
Fibrillar collagen

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10
Q

Glycoprotein examples

A

Laminin
Nidogen
Fibronectin

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11
Q

What do collagens contribute

A

Confer tensile strength

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12
Q

How is fibrillar collagen organized

A

Long, ropelike fibers. Shocker

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13
Q

What type of collagen is network forming?

A

IV

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14
Q

How does collagen contribute to wound healing

A

Fibrillar collagen forms most of CT during tissue repair

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15
Q

What is excessive collagen deposition called

A

Fibrosis

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16
Q

Composition of elastic fibers

A

Elastin molecules covered by a sheth of glycoprotein microfibrils
Elastin has alternating hydrophobic and alpha helical segments

17
Q

What makes elastin elastic

A

The hydrophobic regions

18
Q

What forms the hydrated gel (ground substance)?

A

Glycosaminoglycan polysaccharide chains

19
Q

Broad job of proteoglycans and GAGs

A

Hydrated gel

20
Q

Broad job of fibrous proteins

A

Strength (collagen and elastin)

21
Q

Broad job of glycoproteins

A

Organize matrix, binding domain

22
Q

What is the most abundant protein in mammals

A

Collagen

23
Q

What is the importance of glycine

A

In collagen (every 3rd residue) allows the helix to connect

24
Q

What allows the collagen chains to cross-link

A

Hydroxylation of of lysine and proline
Post-translational modification

25
Q

What type of collagen is fibrillar

A

I (skin, bone) and II (cartilage)

26
Q

What type of collagen is network

A

IV (basement membrane)

27
Q

How is elastin renewed after birth

A

It isn’t. You get what you get. Half life = 70 years. Enjoy your skin

28
Q

What charge do GAG molecules have & why is it important

A

Negative - they stay away from each other and are attracted to water

Block II (28 decks)

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