Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Lab for invertebrates > Echinoderms > Flashcards

Echinoderms Flashcards

1
Q

Phylum Echinoderms

  • habitat and lifestyle
  • examples
A
  • free-living marine animals

- starfish, sea urchins and sand dollars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Phylum Echinoderm characteristics

  • symmetry
  • head
  • skeleton
  • water vascular system
A
  • secondary pentamerous (five point) radial symmetry
  • no cephalization, so oral surface with mouth and aboral with anus
  • internal skeleton made of calcareous ossicles that may project into spines
  • WVS composed of coelomic canals and tubular extensions known as tube feet or podia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Class Stelleroidea characteristics

  • examples
  • adult body
  • central disc
A

Phylum Echinoderms

  • sea stars and brittle stars
  • adults are star-shaped
  • central disc present with 5 or more radial arms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Subclass Asteroidea characteristics

  • type
  • body
  • oral surface of each arm contains…
A

Star fish

  • phylum Echinoderms
  • class Stelleroidea
  • adults are star shaped with flattened central disc and radially arranged arms which are sharply demarcated from the central disc
  • ambulacral groove where numerous tube feet are located
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Asterias sp.

  • type
  • is there anterior end
  • where are arms widest
  • are the spines a part of exo or Endo skeleton
  • where is mouth located
  • how many ambulacral grooves
A

(Starfish)
Phylum Echinodermata
Class Stelleroidea
Subclass Asteroidea

  • no anterior or posterior
  • closer to central disc
  • endoskeleton
  • oral surface in middle of central disc
  • 5, one for each arm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Function of tube feet

A

Feeding, respiration (gas exchange), locomotion and excretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Asterias sp.

  • where are pedicellariae and what are their function
  • where are papulae and what are their function
A
  • between spines, remove unwanted organisms and debris from surface of the animal, and capture prey
  • around spines, aboral surface. Oxygenated water flow over finger-like sacs called papulae which absorb O2 like gills
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cross section of a sea star arm

  • are ossicles in epidermis or dermis
  • what is the function of ossicles
  • why do papulae connect to the coelom
A
  • dermis
  • provide rigidity and protection as part of endoskeleton
  • papulae are site of gas exchange/ excretion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why do you think the WVS is so important to the echinoderms

A

Tube feet can extend or retract based on the volume of water present in the system of the arm; allowing movement and to capture prey.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Does bipinnaria larva have radial or bilateral symmetry?

A

Bilateral, 2 equal halves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why does the brachiolaria larva have adhesive arms and an adhesive sucker

A

Larvae sink to bottom and attach to substrate firstly with arms and then sucker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the advantages to the sea star of having larval stages in its life cycle

A

Larvae of several species can reproduce asexually before reaching maturity. When food is plentiful more reproduction. Occupy different habitats so less competition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Habitats of Bipinnaria and Brachiolaria larva

A

Top of water

Bottom of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do the arms of young sea stars compare with those of the adult

A

Shorter, wider with long projections off each arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Subclass Ophiuroidea characteristics

  • known as
  • central disc
  • ambulacral grooves
  • tube feet
A

Phylum echinoderms
Class Stelleroidea

  • Brittle stars, serpent stars and basket a stars
  • central disc is sharply demarcated from the long, slender arms
  • no ambulacral grooves and the small tube feet extend between plate-like ossicles on the oral surface
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Brittle stars

  • type
  • how do arms differ from Asterias
  • are ambulacral grooves present
A

Phylum Echinodermata
Class Stelleroidea
Subclass Ophiuroidea

  • thinner, spiny, longer
  • no ambulacral grooves
17
Q

Gorgonocephalus sp.

  • type
  • unique arm feature
A

(Basket star)
Phylum Echinodermata
Class Stelleroidea
Subclass Ophiuroidea

-repeated branching of the arms

18
Q

Class Echinoidea characteristics

  • examples
  • body
  • ossicles
A
  • Sea urchins and sand dollars
  • adults are circular or oval in shape and do not have arms
  • ossicles are flat and have been fused together to form a solid test
19
Q

Echinus sp.

  • type
  • skeleton structure
  • ambulacral area
  • are spines evenly distributed
  • pedicellariae?
A

(Sea urchin)
Phylum Echinodermata
Class Echinoidea

  • flat and joined together to form solid test
  • ambulacral grooves have tube feet, hard to see unless spines removed
  • yes, besides around mouth
  • yes
20
Q

Aristotles lantern

  • type
  • function
A

Phylum Echinodermata
Class Echinoidea

-5 bulky pyramids that support 5 teeth bars and muscles. Used to scrap algae off rocks and surfaces and biting/ chewing prey. Teeth protrude from mouth.

21
Q

Irregular Echinoids, such as ______ have a ______ body with secondary _______ symmetry, which may be an adaption for __________

A

Sand dollars
Flattened
Bilateral
Burrowing in the sand

22
Q

Dendraster sp. and Mellita sp.

  • type
  • do they have spines
  • where are tube feet openings
A

(Sand dollar and keyhole sand dollar)
Phylum Echinodermata
Class Echinoidea

  • yes, tiny ones used for movement along ocean floor and to buy itself in the sand.
  • petaloid ambulacral on aborsal side
23
Q

Class Holothuroidea characteristics

  • known as
  • body
  • symmetry
  • ossicles
  • tube feet
A
  • Sea cucumbers
  • elongated along oral-aboral axis and as a result shows secondary bilateral symmetry, no arms
  • ossicles microscopic
  • tube feet have been modified to form large tentacles at the anterior end
24
Q

Cucumbers sp.

  • type
  • appearance
  • are there arms?
  • spines?
  • how are tube feet arranged
  • why is it in phylum Echinodermata
A

(Sea cucumber)
Phylum Echinodermata
Class Holothuroidea

  • long, stout, oval with “arms” at Antietam end and rounded posterior end.
  • no
  • spikes are soft to touch and embedded in skin, so can’t see
  • long rows on body arranged in 5 rows (ambulacral zone) and tentacles are modified tube feet
  • calcareous spines, tube feet
25
Q

Class Crinoidea characteristics

  • known as
  • habitat and lifestyle
A
  • sea lilies and feather stars
  • sea lilies are sessile and attach to the substrate by a flexible stalk which consists of a series of skeletal ossicles

-motile feather stars lose the stalk during development, but may have calcareous appendages called ciri, which can grasp the substrate

26
Q

Antedon sp.

  • type
  • is oral surface directed upwards or downwards
A

Phylum Echinodermata
Class Crinoidea

-upwards

27
Q

How do crinoids feed

A

Suspension/ filter feeders (create current)

28
Q

Which two groups of Echinoderms have pedicellariae

A 
Subclass Asteroidea 
Class Echinoidea
29
Q

Does class Crinoidea have ambulacral grooves?

A

Yep

Lab for invertebrates (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions