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Lab for invertebrates > Annelids, Onychophora, Tardigrades > Flashcards

Annelids, Onychophora, Tardigrades Flashcards

1
Q

Annelids are known as ______ and live in what habitats

A

Segmented worms

Marine, freshwater and terrestrial

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2
Q

Annelida general characteristics

  • body
  • body wall
  • coelom
A
  • worm-like body that is divided both externally and internally into a series of repeating segments
  • anterior segments of the body commonly unite to form a “head”
  • body wall typically consists of a thin cuticle, glandular epidermis and two layers of muscle
  • may have bristle-like setae protruding from body wall
  • large coelom which is divided by transverse septa
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3
Q

Class-Polychaeta

-type

A

Annelids

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4
Q

Class-Polychaeta characteristics

  • body
  • organs
  • sex types
A
  • body consists of numerous segments. Each segment have have a pair of fleshy outgrowths of the body wall. These appendages are known as parapodia and often carry many setae.
  • usually have a distinct head with eyes. Sense organs such as antennae, palps, and tentacles
  • gonochoristics (separate sexes)
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5
Q

Nereis virens

  • type
  • body segments
  • what toes of sense organs are on head
  • what are parapodia used for?
  • feeding habits
A
  • phylum Annelida
  • class-Polychaeta
  • as many as 200 segments
  • antennae, palps and tentacles
  • feeding, locomotion, breathing
  • predators and scavengers, carnivorous but can be omnivorous. Use proboscis with jaws
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6
Q

How do parapodia help Nereis sp. lifestyle

A

Parapodia aid in swimming, can extend/retract to aid in burrowing

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7
Q

Aphrodita sp.

  • type
  • how are setae arranged
A

Phylum Annelidia
Class-Polychaeta

Soft, hairlike setae all over back and form a felt. Also have smaller, stiffer setae for defence

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8
Q

Sabella sp.

  • type
  • what structural adaptations do these animals have associated with sedentary lifestyle
A
  • phylum annelida
  • class-polychaeta

-tube selling so it has feeding radioles for feeding and respiration

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9
Q

Class Clitellata

  • habitat
  • reproduction
  • lacks which features
A
  • Annelid
  • freshwater and terrestrial
  • hermaphroditic and have reproductive structure called clitellum
  • head appendages and parapodia are absent
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10
Q

Subclasses of clitellata

A

Oligochaeta

Hirudinea

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11
Q

Most famous member of subclass Oligochaeta

A

Earthworm

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12
Q

Subclass Oligochaeta characteristics

  • body
  • head
  • setae
A
  • body plan is uniform with distinct segmentation
  • head is poorly developed and lacks conspicuous sense organs
  • very few setae per body segment
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13
Q

Lumbricus terrestris

  • type
  • is segmentation visible
  • can use determine mouth easily
  • where are setae
A
  • phylum annelida, class Clitellata, subclass Oligochaeta
  • yes
  • on anterior end
  • 2 rows on each segment
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14
Q

Lumbricus terrestris longitudinal section

  • cuticle
  • muscle layers
  • are septa visible
  • what is advantage of segmental septa in locomotion
A
  • thin cuticle, must keep moist with mucus
  • circular muscle loop around each segment and longitudinal along length of body
  • allow flexibility and anchoring on some parts, while other move
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15
Q

Subclass-Hirudinea characteristics

  • commonly known as
  • body
  • setae
  • suckers
A
  • leeches (blood sucking ectoparasite)
  • bodies are not separated into compartments by septae
  • small body segments have been modified to form anterior and posterior suckers
  • most don’t have setae
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16
Q

Hirudo medicinalis

  • type
  • are locomotory appendages visible
  • do they have body segments
  • where is mouth located
A

Phylum annelida, class Clitellata, subclass Hirudinea

  • no
  • yes (34)
  • mouth located in small anterior sucker
17
Q

Hirudo sp. cross section

-how have the coelom and septa been modified

A
  • no large and developed coelom, is partially divided by septa into small channels
  • moves by musculature
18
Q

Phylum Onychophorans

  • habitat
  • example
A

Terrestrial in moist areas

Velvet worms

19
Q

Onychophoran characteristics

  • body
  • annelid characteristics
  • arthropod characteristics
A
  • worm-like and carried many short walking legs. Head has pair of antennae, pair of mandibles and a pair of oral papillae
  • worm-like body with no joints on appendages, body wall with unspecialized layers of smooth muscle
  • thin chitinous cuticle (exoskeleton), circulatory system is open and has a hemocoel, gas exchange via spiralled and a tracheal system
20
Q

Peripatus sp.

  • type
  • papillae
  • how many antennae
  • what type of feeding habits
  • are the legs jointed
A
  • phylum Onychophorans
  • small, wart like bumps that cover body
  • 2 (1 pair)
  • mandibles lacerate prey to eat sallee invertebrates like termites, and spiders
  • NO JOINTS
21
Q

What similarities do Peripatus and Lumbricus have in their cross sections

A
  • Less space, lots of infolding
  • worm-like appearance with segmentation
  • no joints
  • smooth muscle
22
Q

Phylum Tardigrada

  • also known as
  • size
  • habitat
A
  • Water Bears
  • microscopic
  • surface film of freshwater that clings to terrestrial plants, or between sand grains on ocean floor
23
Q

General characteristics of phylum Tardigrada

  • mouthparts
  • cryptobiosis
  • temperature
  • respiration
  • larval stage
  • shared arthropod characteristic
A
  • stylet that can piece cell wall of plants
  • dehydrate and reduce metabolic rate to very low levels to withstand bad environmental conditions (live for 10-100 years)
  • can tolerate high temperatures, pressures or UV radiation, even vacuum
  • no larval stage=mini adults
  • chitinous cuticle which is she’s periodically, and claws (unjointed)
24
Q

Class Polychaeta habitat

A

Range from highly active and free living (errant) to those that spend their lives in protective tubes

Lab for invertebrates (8 decks)

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