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MAP II Midterm > ECG > Flashcards

ECG Flashcards

1
Q

EKG electrode placement for 3 electrode system?

A
  • white on right

- smoke over fire – black over red

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2
Q

SBAR?

A

S - situation
B - background
A - assessment
R - recommendations

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3
Q

What records electrical activity of the heart?

A

ECG

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4
Q

On 12 lead ECG, why are only 10 used?

A

because the final 2 leads are redundent

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5
Q

What 6 leads record electrical signals in the frontal plane?

A
  • leads I, II, III
  • aVR
  • aVL
  • aVF
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6
Q

What 6 leads record electrical signals in the transverse plane?

A
  • V1-6
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7
Q

Placement of 10 electrodes?

A
  • right arm
  • left arm
  • right leg
  • left leg
  • V1 = 4th intercostal space to the right of the sternum
  • V2 = 4th intercostal space to the left of the sternum
  • V3 = between electrodes 2 and 4
  • V4 = 5th intercostal space in the mi-clavicular line
  • V5 = horizontally even with V4 in the left anterior axilla
  • V6 = horizontally even with V4 and 5 in mid axillary line
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8
Q

What is contracting during systole?

A

left ventricle

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9
Q

Normal conduction pathway?

A

SA node through atria –> AV node –> bundle of His –> purkinjie fibers –> (travel through intraventricular septum to lateral wall of right and left ventricle)

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10
Q

What is the primary pacemaker?

A

SA node

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11
Q

All myocardial cells can act as what?

A

a pacemaker in the absence of other pacers and as a result of pathology

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12
Q

R to R rhythms represent what?

A

ventricular rhythm

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13
Q

P to P rhythms represent what?

A

atrial rhythm

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14
Q

What does the PR interval represent?

A
  • conduction time (the atria node slows conduction to give atria time to fire and ventricles time to fill)
  • from where the p wave begins to the beginning of the QRS complex
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15
Q

What 2 things does the QRS complex represent?

A
  • ventricular depolarization

- atrial repolarization

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16
Q

What is contracting during systole?

A

left ventricle

17
Q

Normal conduction pathway?

A

SA node through atria –> AV node –> bundle of His –> purkinjie fibers –> (travel through intraventricular septum to lateral wall of right and left ventricle)

18
Q

What is the primary pacemaker?

A

SA node

19
Q

All myocardial cells can act as what?

A

a pacemaker in the absence of other pacers and as a result of pathology

20
Q

R to R rhythms represent what?

A

ventricular rhythm

21
Q

P to P rhythms represent what?

A

atrial rhythm

22
Q

What does the PR interval represent?

A
  • conduction time (the atria node slows conduction to give atria time to fire and ventricles time to fill)
  • from where the p wave begins to the beginning of the QRS complex
23
Q

What 2 things does the QRS complex represent?

A
  • ventricular depolarization

- atrial repolarization

24
Q

What is occurring during a Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC)?

A
  • wide and weird QRS
  • QRS is early and followed by a pause then back to normal rhythm
  • occur below the atria and outside the normal conduction pathway
  • lead to uncoordinated ventricular contraction and decrease ventricular ejection and low blood pressure wave and poor perfusion
25
Q

What does the QT interval represent?

A
  • time of complete ventricular activity from depolarization to repolarization
  • beginning of Q wave to the end of the T wave
26
Q

What does the ST segment represent?

A
  • early ventricular repolarization

- from the end of the QRS complex to the beginning of the T wave

27
Q

What happens to the ST segment during ischemia?

A

ST segment depression

28
Q

What happens to the ST segment during infarction?

A

ST segment elevation

29
Q

What is it called when the BPM is less than 60bpm?

A

sinus bradycardia

30
Q

What is it called when the BPM is greater than 150bpm?

A

sinus tachycardia

31
Q

What changes on the ECG are caused by a premature atrial contraction?

A

changes in P wave morphology

32
Q

What is it called when the ECG has no discernable P wave and illustrates an irregular and inconsistent R to R interval?

A

atrial fibrillation

33
Q

What is it called when the ECG illustrates a saw tooth or picket fence appearance and there is a lack of a P wave?

A

atrial flutter (regularly irregular)

34
Q

What occurs below the atria ad outside the normal conduction pathway and is more severe and life threatening than atrial dysrhythmias?

A

ventricular dysrhythmias

35
Q

What is it called when the ECG illustrates 3 or more PVC’s with a rate > 100 bpm

A

Ventricular tachycardia

36
Q

What is the most lethal ventricular dysrhythmia?

A

ventricular fibrillation – ventricles are not contracting and there is no perfusion

MAP II Midterm (10 decks)

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