Eating Disorders Flashcards
what has the highest mortality rate of all the mental illness?
anorexia nervosa
what is the relapse rate at one year?
50%
what population is more likely to anorexia nervosa?
mostly females 12-30 years
what is anorexia nervosa?
refusal to maintain a minimally normal weight for age and height
less than 85% of expected/BMI < 17.5
extreme fear of obesity/weight gain- even though underweight/emaciated
deny seriousness of disorder
gross distortion of body image
preoccupation with food
peculiar handling of food
what are specifics of anorexia nervosa?
restricting type
binge-eating/purging type
partial or full remission
what is the restricting type of anorexia nervosa?
not engaging in binge eating or purging behavior
diet, fast, rigorous exercise
what is the binge-eating/purging type of anorexia nervosa?
primarily restricts but does engage in some binge eating or purging behavior
what is considered full remission from anorexia nervosa?
not considered in full remission until healthy BMI and no thoughts of not eating; very hard to reach
what are the clinical presentation of anorexia nervosa?
low weight
amenorrhea; infertility, atrophy of breasts
yellow/orange hue to skin
lanugo; thinning hair, dry skin
cold extremities, hypothermia
peripheral edema
muscle weakness, loss of muscle mass, low bone density
constipation; rectal tears due to straining
hypotension, bradycardia, abnormal heart rhythms
renal insufficiency
low potassium, magnesium, calcium, and sodium/abnormal thyroid function
decreased bone density
anemic pancytopenia
what is the cause of low weight?
caloric restriction/excessive exercise
what is the cause of amenorrhea, infertility, and atrophy of breasts?
low weight
what is the cause of yellow/orange hue to skin?
hypercartenemia
what is the cause of lanugo and thinning hair and dry skin?
starvation
what is the cause of peripheral edema?
hypoalbunimeia and refeeding
what is the cause of muscle weakness, loss of muscle mass, and low bone density?
starvation and electrolyte imbalance
what is the cause of constipation and rectal tears?
starvation
what is the cause of hypotension and bradycardia as well as abnormal heart rhythm?
starvation
dehydration
electrolyte imbalance
what is the cause of renal insufficiency?
dehydration
what is the cause of the electrolyte/metabolic/endocrine imbalanaces?
starvation
what is the cause of decrease bone density?
estrogen deficiency
low calcium intake
what is the cause of anemic pancytopenia?
starvation
what are the medical complications of anorexia nervosa?
lymphocytosis
osteoporosis
elevated cholesterol levels
fatty degeneration of liver
proteinuria
what are the comorbidities of anorexia nervosa?
depression/anxiety
compulsive behaviors/OCD
when is the onset of bulimia nervosa?
late adolescence or early adulthood