Eating disorders Flashcards
What is anorexia nervosa?
When a person feels overweight when they are a normal weight or are underweight.
What does a person with anorexia do?
Restricts calorie intake, exercises excessively, uses diet pills and laxatives.
What are the signs of anorexia nervosa?
Amenorrhoea Lenugo (fine hair) Hypokalaemia Hypotension Bradycardia Anxiety Depression Low BMI POOR INSIGHT Bloating Nausea Constipation Early satiety Easy bleeding Easy bruising Poor immune system Hypercholesterolaemia
What are the cardiac complications of anorexia nervosa?
Congestive heart failure (+oedema) Arrhythmia (ventricular fibrillation) Prolonged QT syndrome Hypotension Orthostatic hypotension Cardiac atrophy
What is the BMI in someone with anorexia nervosa?
<17.5
What is the criteria for anorexia?
BMI <17.5
Amenorrhoea NOT part of criteria anymore
What is the criteria for anorexia?
BMI <17.5
Amenorrhoea NOT part of criteria anymore
what age do people develop anorexia nervosa at?
75% of people develop it before the age 22yrs.
What is important about anorexia?
It has the highest death rate out of all psychiatric disorders
What happens to hormones in anorexia nervosa?
Low sex hormones
Raised cortisol
Raised growth hormone
What are the precipitating factors that cause anorexia nervosa?
Puberty Maternal encouragement for weight loss Increased exercise Dieting Non deliberate weight loss Stressful life events previous psychiatric disorders Sports people, dancer and models
What is the main difference between anorexia and bulimia?
The BMI (low in anorexia, normal or increased in bulimia)
What is done if someone has anorexia and depression?
Medical therapies for depression very rarely work when a person is underweight.
Which gender is more likely to get an eating disorder?
Female
Which gender is more likely to get an eating disorder?
Female
What is referring syndrome?
The shift of fluids and electrolytes when a person has been refed.
Hypokalaemia
Hypomagnesaemia
Hypophosphataemia
How is referring syndrome controlled?
Regularly monitoring
Vitamin B and thiamine replacement
What is the SCOFF questionnaire?
S - Sick (make yourself)
C- control (lost control)
O - One stone (over 3 months lost Weight)
F- Fat (when others think you’re too thin)
F - Food (dominate your life)
What is bulimia nervosa?
When someone binge eats followed by purging or non purging
What is the weight of someone with bulimia nervosa?
Normal weight or slightly overweight
What is a BMI in bulimia nervosa?
> 17.5
What are purging acts?
Laxiatives
Sickness
Diuretics
What are non purging acts?
Exercise
Fasting
Strict diet
What are non purging acts?
Exercise
Fasting
Strict diet
What is the criteria for bulimia nervosa?
BMI >17.5
Episodes occur at least 2x per week for 3 months
What is anorexia nervosa binge purge subtype?
When someone binges and then purges but has a BMI <17.5
What are signs of bulimia?
Swollen parotid glands Alkalosis (HCl lost due to vomiting) Hypokalaemia Teeth erosion Russells sign (buckle callouses) Mouth ulcers ORD
What are complications of bulimia nervosa?
Diabetes mellitus
Mallory weiss tear
Alkalosis
What is binge eating disorder?
When a person excessively overeats, usually due to psychological distress
What is the weight of someone with binge eating disorder?
Most likely overweight
What are the acts of binge eating disorder?
Eat very quickly, alone, eat loads - become uncomfortably full.
Silent high/buzz after eating followed by guilt and depression
How is binge eating disorder managed?
Usually in the outpatient setting with CBT or group work
What is cognitive remediation therapy?
Person is given a diagram and asked to copy it.
People with anorexia nervosa focus on a tiny part because they can’t see the bigger picture.
What medication can be used in eating disorders?
SSRI
What psychological treatment is used in eating disorders?
CBT
Self help
Counselling
