Earth & Space Flashcards
What are the three layers of the earth?
Crust, Mantle, Core
What does the mantle consists of?
Iron, Magnesium, Calcium
What is the length of mantle?
3,500 Kilometer thick
What is the core?
Center of the earth
What are the two parts of the core?
Liquid Outer Core, Solid Inner Core
What is more dense the core or mantle?
Core
The inner crust temperature is?
3,000 to 4,000 C
What is the upper part of mantle and crust?
Lithosphere
The lithosphere consist of approximately 30 separate pieces called?
Plates
What is the asthenosphere?
the upper layer of the earth’s mantle
Along the edges of these plates are called?
Fault Lines
What are fault lines?
places where the plates slide relative to each other
What two scales do scientists use to measure the intensity of a earthquake?
Richter Scale & Moment magnitude scale
How is igneous rock formed?
Formed from the hardening of molten rock, or magma.
How is sedmintary rocks formed?
Formed by the sedimation, or gradual depositing, of small bits of rock, clay, and other materials
What is also found in sedimentary rocks?
Fossils
How is metamorphic rocks formed?
Formed when exisitng rock material is altered through temperature, pressure, or chemical processes.
What are some examples of igneous rocks?
Granite, Pumice, Basalt, Obsidian
What are some examples of sedimentary rocks?
Shale, Sandstone, Gypsum, dolomite, coal
What are some examples of Metamorphic rocks?
Marble, slate, gneiss, quartzite
What is the precambrian eon?
The period before the fossil record began
What is another name for the water cycle?
Hydrologic Cycle
What is meterology?
The study of the weather
What is the troposphere?
Lowest level of the atmosphere, where all weather takes place
What is the stratosphere?
Above the troposphere where airflow is mostly horizontally.
The thin ozone layer is in?
The upper stratosphere
What is the mesosphere?
Above the stratosphere
What is thermosphere?
the height at which the atmosphere ceases to have the properties of a continuous medium.
What is a warm front?
When a warm air mass overtakes a cold air mass
What is a cold front?
When cold air mass overtakes a warm air mass
What is stationary front?
WHen two air masses meet and neither is displaced
What type of weather is caused by stationary fronts?
Cloudy, wet weather that can last a week
What is a stratus cloud?
Are low hanging, broad, flat clouds that blanket the sky.
Stratus clouds that are on the ground is basically?
Fog
Dark Stratus Clouds means?
Its going to rain soon
What is cumulus clouds?
massive clouds, that are puffy like popcorn with relatively flat bottoms and round tops.
What is Cirrus clouds?
are thin, wipsy clouds that occur much higher in the atmosphere, at elevations of 20,000 feet.
What is the sun classified as?
G2V Star or Yellow Dwarf star
What is the diameter of the sun?
1.4 million km
What are the 4 terrestrial planets?
Mercury,Venus,Earth, Mars
What are the two planets that have moons in terrestrial planets?
Earth & Mars
What are the outer planets?
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
What is a meteoriod?
Smaller fragments of asteroids and particles shed by comets
What are meteors?
meteroids when they fall into the earths gravitional field
What are meteorites?
meteorids that make it to the earths surface
What is the kuiper belt?
a much larger collection of asteroids and other objects leftr over qthe formation of the solar system.
