earth and space science test 2 Flashcards
what planet is the only planet that has tectonic movement
earth
what is the interaction of large blocks of the earth’s crust as they move
plate tectonics
what is a fractured surface which has had motion; abrupt ending and displacement of sediments
fault
what type of fault is a rock mass slipping downward
normal fault
what type of fault is a hanging wall
normal fault
what type of faults occur when there are tensional forces (like a string being pulled taught)
normal faults
what type of fault is a rock mass moving upward over another rock mass
reverse fault
which fault has compressional forces
reverse faults
which fault is a footwall and is underneath the fault line
Reverse faults
which fault is a rock mass moving horizontally
strike-slip fault
which faults slide past each other
strike-slip fault
what are cliffs along normal or reverse faults
fault scarps
what is caused by slow, continuous movement
folding
which fold, folds downward (trough)
syncline
which fold, folds upward (arch)
anticline
cone produced by volcanic deposits
volcanic mountains
what is the tallest mountain in the world coming up from the base in the water to summit
Mauna Kea
what mountains are formed by normal and reverse faults
fault-block mountains
what mountains are caused by the folding of continental plates
folded mountains
who theorized that the continents drifted as results of the flood
Antonio Snider
what is the crust and the outermost part of the mantle; rigid
Lithosphere
what is the soft rock below the lithosphere in the upper mantle; solid rock that flows
asthenosphere
what extends up to 7 miles (11 km) above the surface; contains the earth’s weather; temperature decreases to - 55 degrees Celsius
Troposphere
what extends from 11 km to 50 km (30 miles) above the surface; no clouds or weather; ozone in the upper layer
stratosphere
what is the most harmful form of ultraviolet radiation; cannot filter through the stratosphere
UVC
which has less energy; can filter through the stratosphere
UVA
what burns your skin and can filter through the stratosphere
UVB
what extends from 50 to 80 km (50 miles); temperature decreases to -75 degrees Celsius; Coldest portion of the atmosphere
Mesosphere
extends from 80 km to 600 km (400 miles); contains the ionosphere; temperature increases to 2000 degrees Celsius (3600 degrees Fahrenheit)
Thermosphere
what is a layer of oxygen ions; absorbs high-energy radiation from the sun; produces the auroras
ionosphere
when did the ocean floor form
the flood