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11- STEM > EART SCI. (Fossil Fuels & Renew. and Non-Renew. Sources) > Flashcards

EART SCI. (Fossil Fuels & Renew. and Non-Renew. Sources) Flashcards

1
Q

Three types of fossil fuels

A

Oil, Coal, and Natural Gas

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2
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
3 main types of fossil fuels: Oil, Coal and Natural Gas.

A

TRUE

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3
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Fossil fuels, It takes millions of years to form.

A

TRUE

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4
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
Can be replaced once used.

A

FALSE; can* - cannot

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5
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
Found beneath the ground.

A

TRUE

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6
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
Can be difficult to get to.

A

TRUE

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7
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
Burnt to give off heat.

A

TRUE

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8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
Burnt in power stations to generate electricity.

A

TRUE

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9
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
Give off carbon dioxide when burnt.

A

TRUE

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10
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
Fuelwood is not a fossil fuel.

A

FALSE; not* - it is a fossil fuel.

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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Fossil Fuels
One day they could run out.

A

TRUE

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12
Q

How does fossil fuel produce electricity?

A

Fossil fuel power plants burn coal or oil to create heat which is in turn used to generate steam to drive turbines which generate electricity.

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13
Q

Hard, shiny black colored rock.

A

Coal

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14
Q

Most mining underground, miner extract with hand tools (pickaxe), load it in small railcars by hand. Raw coal transported to surface to processed and crushed in breaker, waste coal (culm, gob) dumped into huge piles.

A

Coal

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15
Q

New technologies (large shovels, draglines) permit surface mining, remove overburden to expose coal, often result in large pits regularly on mountaintop mining.

A

Coal

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16
Q

Plants that lived hundreds of million years ago. Died compressed and cover with soil.

Therefore, air was limited and stopped full decomposition process creating peat. Over the years, heat and pressure work to force out ______ and _________ to form coal (in layers known as seams).

A

Oxygen and Hydrogen

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17
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Plants that lived hundreds of million years ago. Died compressed and cover with soil. Therefore, air was limited and stopped full decomposition process creating peat. Over the years, heat and pressure work to force out Lithium and Hydrogen to form coal (in layers known as seams).

A

FALSE; lithium* - Oxygen

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18
Q

TYPES OF COAL:

LABS

A

Lignite Coal
Anthracite Coal
Bituminous Coal
Sub- Bituminous Coal

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19
Q

A black, viscous slurry of different hydrocarbons, other organic molecules, and trace amounts of metals that can be separated and chemically changed into useful fuels and lubricants like gasoline, diesel, propane, jet fuel and even wax.

A

OIL

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20
Q

A factory where crude oil is separated into fuels and other products by heating is called a _______.

A

refinery

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21
Q

A black, viscous slurry of different hydrocarbons, other organic molecules, and trace amounts of metals that can be separated and chemically changed into useful fuels and lubricants like ________, ______, _______, ______, and even ___.

A

gasoline, diesel, propane, jet fuel and even wax.

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22
Q

A naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane CH4, but commonly including varying amounts of other higher alkanes and sometimes a small percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide or helium.

A

Natural Gas

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23
Q

A naturally occurring hydrocarbon gas mixture consisting primarily of methane CH4, but commonly including varying amounts of other higher alkanes and sometimes a small percentage of ______ _______, _______, ______ _______ or _______.

A

carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen sulphide or helium.

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24
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Mining Method
Usually obtain it by pumping it out of the ground. Found it under between folds of rock and in areas of rock that are porous and contain the oils within the rock itself.

A

TRUE

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25
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Mining Method
The folds of rock formed as the earth shift and moves.

A

TRUE

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26
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Mining Method
To obtain oil and gas, its need to be drill through the earth to the ground.

A

TRUE

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27
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Mining Method
To obtain oil and gas, its need to be drill through the earth to the ground. Then, the oil and gas are pumped out from the ground by oil rigs. Usually travel through pipelines or by ship.

A

TRUE

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28
Q

TRUE OR FALSE; Natural Gas
Most oil and gas started as microscopic plants and animals that live in ocean. Died and fell to seabed.

A

TRUE

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29
Q

TRUE OR FALSE; Natural Gas
They were buried under sediment and other rock. The rock squeezed the diatom and energy in their bodies that could not escape.

A

TRUE

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30
Q

TRUE OR FALSE; Natural Gas
Carbons turns into oil under low pressure and heat.

A

FALSE; low* - high

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31
Q

Different sizes of hydrocarbons boil at different temperatures and are refined by _________ _______.

A

fractional distillation/ Fractional Distillation Tower

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32
Q

Advantages: (no need to answer)
Readily available
Easily transported
Low fuel cost
Low building costs
Short start-up times.

A

Advantages: (no need to answer)
Readily available
Easily transported
Low fuel cost
Low building costs
Short start-up times.

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33
Q

Disadvantages: (no need to answer)
Environment issues: Acid rain and greenhouse effect
Inefficient
Non-renewable.

A

Disadvantages: (no need to answer)
Environment issues: Acid rain and greenhouse effect
Inefficient
Non-renewable.

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34
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Philippines depends primarily on fossil fuel as main source of energy in different mode of transportation.

A

TRUE

35
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Since this source is non-renewable, it means there will be a time that it will perish.

A

TRUE

36
Q

It is the energy of movement and motion.

A

KINETIC ENERGY

37
Q

The heavier and faster and objects is the more _______ energy it has.

A

KINETIC ENERGY

38
Q

It is the energy that is stored. When it is released, it changes into other form of energy.

A

POTENTIAL ENERGY

39
Q

The coal changes into light and heat.
Wood changes into light and heat.
Stored water changes into
electricity.

A

POTENTIAL ENERGY

40
Q

It is a mixture between kinetic and potential energy.

A

MECHANICAL ENERGY

41
Q

Example: a person and a bike.
The bike is moving, so it is
kinetic energy. The energy of person changes into the force, so it is potential energy.

A

MECHANICAL ENERGY

42
Q

Light sources produce light.

A

LIGHT ENERGY

43
Q

Light sources can be natural like the Sun or stars or artificial, like a light bulb, torch, etc.

A

LIGHT ENERGY

44
Q

A chemical reaction occurs.
This reaction is transformed into another form of
energy.

A

CHEMICAL ENERGY

45
Q

Examples:
The energy of batteries transforms into kinetic energy.
The energy of food transforms into kinetic
and thermal energy.

A

CHEMICAL ENERGY

46
Q

It is the energy that hot objects produce.

A

THERMAL ENERGY

47
Q

The heat flows from hot products to cold products.

A

THERMAL ENERGY

48
Q

Rhetorical Q.:
How can it transform into?
Where does it come from?

A

ELECTRICAL ENERGY

49
Q

______________ can transform into light, for example light bulbs and torches.

A

Electricity

50
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Electricity can transform into sound, for example in a CD player

A

TRUE

51
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Electricity cannot transform into heat, for example in a heater.

A

FALSE; -it can

52
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Electricity cannot transform into movement, for example in a robot or an electric car.

A

FALSE; -it can

53
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Electrical Energy can come from water, like stored water.

A

TRUE

54
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Electrical Energy
It can come from sunlight, like solar panels.

A

TRUE

55
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Electrical Energy
It cannot come from nuclear power stations.

A

FALSE; it can

56
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Electrical Energy
It can come from wind, like the energy produced by windmills (wind turbines).

A

TRUE

57
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Electrical Energy
It can come from biomass.

A

TRUE

58
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Renewable sources will never run out.

A

TRUE

59
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Non- renewable energy sources will not run out sooner or later.

A

FALSE; not* - it will

60
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

A
61
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

A
62
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:

A
63
Q

It is renewable and does not pollute. -positive

A

SOLAR ENERGY

64
Q

It only works in sunny places. -negative

A

SOLAR ENERGY

65
Q

It is clean and renewable.
-positive

A

WIND ENERGY

66
Q

Wind turbines only work in windy places.
Wind turbines can kill birds.
-negative

A

WIND ENERGY

67
Q

It is renewable and does not pollute.
- positive

A

WATER ENERGY

68
Q

The construction of dams damages habitats.
The construction of dams causes biodiversity loss.
- negative

A

WATER ENERGY

69
Q

Finally, the movement produces electricity.

Soon, the steam moves the wind turbine.

Next, the water boils and produces water vapor or steam.

Then, the fire heats the water.

First, _______ is burned.

A

BIOMASS

70
Q

It is the energy which is produced inside the Earth.
Sometimes it reaches the surface as volcanoes

A

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

71
Q

It is renewable.
It does not pollute.
- positive

A

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

72
Q

It is limited to certain geographical areas.
- negative

A

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

73
Q

Heat generated from Earth’s core.

A

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY

74
Q

They are made of remains of animals and plants that have been underground for millions of years.

A

FOSSIL FUELS

75
Q

It produces large quantities of energy.
- positive

It is non- renewable
It pollutes a lot
It produces global warming
- negative

A

COAL

76
Q

It is easy to transport and store.
- positive

It is non-renewable.
It causes ecological disasters.
- negative

A

OIL

77
Q

It is a radioactive mineral that people use in nuclear power stations.

A

Uranium

78
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Nuclear power stations produce radioactive waste.

A

TRUE

79
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Radioactive is harmful because it produces cancer.

A

TRUE

80
Q

It transforms solar energy into electricity.

A

Photovoltaic Cell

81
Q

Don’t need cables to connect to a network, so they can be used in remote areas and portable devices.

A

Photovoltaic Cell

82
Q

_____ panels are made of several photovoltaic cells.

A

Solar

83
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Solar panels are made of several photovoltaic cells.

A

TRUE

11- STEM (12 decks)

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