Early Schools of Psychology Flashcards
Who is credited with Structuralism?
Wundt and Titchner.
Who was Wundt?
“Father of Psychology”, created the first psychological laboratory in 1879 and taught the first course in scientific psychology. Involved in Structuralism.
What was Titchner?
Student of Wundt who brought the idea of Structuralism into the English-speaking world.
What is Structuralism?
An early school of psychology that focused on the immediate conscious experience and tried to analyze behaviour into basic parts or structures. Used introspection.
What is Introspection?
A part of Structuralism; a person’s description of how she is thinking and feeling at any given moment. It was used to examine conscious.
Who developed Functionalism?
William James; wrote one of the earliest textbooks in the field of Psychology (Principles of Psychology, 1890).
What is Functionalism?
How and why the mind functions; not the structure of the mind. Interested in how people tended to adapt to their environment. Felt that consciousness was continuous and evolving; introspection continued to be used.
Who is credited with Psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud.
What is Psychoanalysis?
The idea that unconscious mental processes (motives) direct behaviour (cause anxiety). Particularly childhood experiences that influenced adult behaviour, and that sexual energy fuels behaviour.
The unconscious motives were uncovered using Free Association and Dream Analysis.
Who is Freud?
Credited to Psychoanalysis; one of the earliest advocates of mental disorders. Worked with adults; developed a theory on child development.
