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Early Renaissance Flashcards

1
Q

Birthplace of the Early Renaissance

A

Florence

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2
Q

Stable govt. / stable economy / major trade center / strong economic growth / patron of the arts

A

Florence

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3
Q

Leading family of Florence from 1434

A

De Medicis

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4
Q

Banker / popular in Florence / popular / brought stability and prosperity to Florence

A

De Medicis

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5
Q

Supported Botticelli / Donatello / Brunelleschi

A

De Medicis

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6
Q

Ruled 1434 - 1464

A

De Medicis

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7
Q

Pater Patriae

A

Father of his country (on Cosimo de Medici’s tombstone)

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8
Q

Sickly and suffered from gout

A

Piero de Medici

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9
Q

Continued father’s example / excellent business man

A

Piero de Medici

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10
Q

Age 21 when he came to power - nicknamed “The Magnificent” - faced conspiracy in 1478 - Successful diplomat

A

Lorenzo de Medici

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11
Q

Patron of Michelangelo and da Vinci - 1469-1499

A

Lorenzo de Medici

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12
Q

Brother of Lorenzo

A

Guiliano de Medici

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13
Q

Died at age 25 during Pazzi conspiracy

A

Guilano de Medici

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14
Q

Illegitimate son became Pope Clement VII

A

Guilano de Medici

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15
Q

More respected of the two Florentine families

A

De Medici’s - Pazzi’s jealous

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16
Q

Kill brothers at luncheon hosted by Lorenzo - Guilano not prepared so plan fell through

A

Plan A

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17
Q

Dispose of brothers at luncheon after High Mass on Easter - ambassadors / Florentine Knights present - Guiliano still not present

A

Plan B

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18
Q

Assassinate Guiliano (Francesco and Bernardo) after mass - priests (Maffei and Stefano) replace Batista - Mass is over and conspirators attack - Bernardo stabs Guiliano in chest - Francesco stabs Guilano 18 times (one stab severs Fran.’s tendon) - Maffei wounds Lorenzo - chaos ensues and conspirators flee - plan fails

A

Plan C

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19
Q

Captured and betrays conspirators

A

Francesco

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20
Q

Stripped of possessions and crest destroyed wherever found

A

Pazzi family

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21
Q

Ignored plot / guilt of conspirators - untouchable

A

Pope

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22
Q

Favored diplomacy over war and is returned to power by pursuading Don Ferrante of Naples (leader of Pop’s soldier) for peace and ends Pope’s retribution

A

Lorenzo de Medici

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23
Q

1400 - 1495

A

Early Renaissance Art

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24
Q

Stylization of Byzantine art replaced by

A

Naturalism

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25
Q

2 types of painting in early Renaissance

A

Religious or Mythology

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26
Q

Exploration of new form - types of experimentation

A 
Perspective
Foreshortening
Sfmato
Chiaroscuro
Atmospheric perspective
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27
Q

Pioneered oil paints / influenced by stained glass and illuminated manuscripts

A

Northern artists

28
Q

Meticulous detail / maintained religious symbolism (very different from Italian artists)

A

Northern artists

29
Q

Brunelleschi

30
Q

Donatello

31
Q

Masaccio

32
Q

Botticelli

33
Q

Van Eyck

34
Q

1377 - 1446 - extremely sought-after engineer and architect

A

Brunelleschi

35
Q

Famous for Dome of Florence Cathedral - originally trained as goldsmith

A

Brunelleschi

36
Q

Actually double dome of 2 shelves - walkway between shells so interiors can be maintained - one of the most recognized domes in the world

A

Brunelleschi’s Dome

37
Q

1386 - 1466 - produced 1st life-size nude since Classical era

38
Q

Explored human emotion - believe form follows emotion

39
Q

Received patronage from Cosimo de Medici

40
Q

1430 - 1st large bronze nude since CE - exaggerated contrapposto - head lowered to suggest humility

A

David (Donatello)

41
Q

1440 - emaciated from 30 years of penitence - wood - gilded hair suggests spirituality - clothed only by hair (used to wash feet of Jesus) - face shows torture of badly led life - body shows ravages of time

A

Mary Magdalene (Donatello)

42
Q

1401 - 1429 - created trompe l’oeil (fool the eye) effect

43
Q

Career less than a decade - emphasized naturalism of face and gesture - interested in perspective - supposedly poisoned by fellow jealous painter

44
Q

1425 - use of trompe l’oeil - surface is flat but apears as barrel-vaulted niche - Christ in dual role (crucified Christ and Son) - God the Father supports Christ - Holy Spirit (dove) between 2

A

Holy Trinity (Masaccio)

45
Q

1427 - illustrates Matthew 17:24-27 - 3 sections (reads center, left, and right) - Peter in all 3

A

Tribute Money (Masaccio)

46
Q

1425 - bold use of nude forms - intense expressions (Adam/Eve shameful) - bleak background representing desolation outside Garden - Angel foreshortened

A

Expulsion from the Garden (Masaccio)

47
Q

1444 - 1510 - outstanding portraitist

A

Botticelli

48
Q

Balanced composions - free-flowing / sensuous style - stressed line / detail to bring characters to life

A

Botticelli

49
Q

Recurring theme - sad, young girl detached from activity around her

A

Botticelli

50
Q

1485 - rose petals symbolize identity as goddess of love - figures appear to float above ground - flat landscape - Venus in the Half Shell

A

Birth of Venus

51
Q

1370 - 1441 - painted with oil glazes on wood panels

A

Jan Van Eyck

52
Q

Flemish - remarkable technical skill - linked using complex symbolism - “the best that I am capable of doing”

53
Q

1434 - The Wedding Portrait - inscription above mirror “Jan Van Eyck was present, 1434” - man is close to door (masculine outoors) - woman is close to domestic interior (feminine roles of wife/mother)

A

Betrothal of the Arnolfini

54
Q

Dog (Wedding Portrait)

55
Q

Shoes off (Wedding Portrait)

A

Holy ground

56
Q

Oranges on table (Wedding Portrait)

57
Q

Apple on sill (Wedding Portrait)

A

Downfall of man

58
Q

One lit candle in chandelier (Wedding Portrait)

A

Presence of God

59
Q

Graffiti sign (Wedding Portrait)

A

Ceremony witness

60
Q

Rosary beads (Wedding Portrait)

A

Importance of faith in life

61
Q

Man’s raised hand (Wedding Portrait)

A

Acknowledgement of relationship between man and God

62
Q

Hands of couple (Wedding Portrait)

A

Two have become one

63
Q

Whisk / broom (Wedding Portrait)

A

Wife’s response to keep happy / clean / efficient house

64
Q

Carving of St. Margaret on bedpost (Wedding Portrait)

A

Good luck in childbirth

65
Q

Green on gown (Wedding Portrait)

A

Fertility / fruitful marriage

66
Q

Mirror surrounded by scenes of Passion of Christ

A

Betrothal of the Arnolfini

67
Q

Backs of couples and tow figures (one in red and the other in blue) standing outside of picture area

A

Mirror images (Betrothal of the Arnolfini)

DE Humanities (12 decks)

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