Early Childhood: Part 1 (physical development)

Question 1

children between the ages of 2 and 6 tend to grow … and gain …

Answer 1

about 3 inches in height and gain about 4 to 5 pounds in weight each year

Question 2

list the average weight and height of a 2-year-old

Answer 2

23-28 pounds and 33-35 inches

Question 3

list the average weight and height of a 6-year-old

Answer 3

40-50 pounds and 44-47 inches

Question 4

compare the adult brain weight to a person who is 3 and 6

Answer 4

75% of adult weight at 3
95% of adult weight at 6

Question 5

increased links between the cerebral cortex and cerebellum leads to gains in …

Answer 5

motor coordination

Question 6

increased links between the cerebral cortes and reticular formation leads to gains in …

Answer 6

sustained, controlled attention

Question 7

increased links between the cerebral cortex and amygdala leads to gains in …

Answer 7

processing of novelty and emotional information

Question 8

increased links between the cerebral cortex and hippocampus leads to gains in …

Answer 8

memory and spatial understanding

Question 9

increased links between the cerebral cortex and corpus callosum leads to gains in …

Answer 9

communication between hemispheres, enabling more complex, coordinated movements and thinking

Question 10

list three gross motor skills developed at age 2

Answer 10

can kick a ball without losing balance, can pick up objects while standing without losing balance and can run with better coordination

Question 11

list four fine motor skills developed at age 2

Answer 11

able to turn a door knob, can look through a book turning one page at a time, can build a tower of 6-7 cubes and able to put on simple clothes without help

Question 12

list three gross motor skills developed at age 3

Answer 12

can briefly balance and hop on one foot, may walk up stairs with alternating feet (and NO rail) and can pedal a tricycle

Question 13

list the five fine motor skills developed at age 3

Answer 13

can build a block tower of more than nine cubes, can easily place small objects in a small opening, can copy a circle, can draw a person with three parts, can feed self easily

Question 14

list three gross motor skills developed at age 4

Answer 14

shows improved balance, hops on one foot without losing balance and throws a ball overhand with coordination

Question 15

list four fine motor skills developed at age 4

Answer 15

can cut out a picture using scissors, can draw a square, manages a spoon and fork neatly while eating and puts on clothes properly

Question 16

list three gross motor skills developed at age 5

Answer 16

has better coordination, skips, jumps and hops with good balance and, stays balanced while standing on one foot with eyes closed

Question 17

list three fine motor skills developed at age 5

Answer 17

shows more skill with using simple tools and writing utensils, can copy a triangle and can use a knife to spread soft foods

Question 18

toilet training typically occurs during …

Answer 18

the first two years of early childhood (24-36 months)

Question 19

average age to be toilet trained girls vs. boys, when are most trained by?

Answer 19

29 vs. 31 months, 98% trained by 36 months

Question 20

sleep: 2-year-olds vs. 6-year-olds

Answer 20

15-16 vs. 7-8 hours