Early Childhood Part 1 (information processing) Flashcards
list the five gains in information processing
executive function, episodic memory, theory of mind, emergent literacy and mathematical reasoning
Flexible shifting of attention: how is it studied, and at what age is it developed?
studied through rule-use tasks, develops around age 4 (can switch rules)
working memory: what does it contribute to? why and when is it important?
contributes to flexible shifting of attention. increasingly important in problem solving
define “divided attention” / “multitasking”
the ability to switch our focus between tasks or external stimuli
define “selective attention”
our ability to focus on a single task or stimulus, while ignoring distracting information
define “sustained attention”
the ability to stay on task for long periods of time
describe sensory memory (stage, what does it do)
first stage of memory system, stores sensory input in its raw form for a very brief duration (ling enough for brain to register and start processing)
working memory is the …
component of memory in which current conscious mental activities occur
describe the first stage of memory
(sensory memory) sensory input into sensory memory, if the information is unattended it is lost. if not attention goes into the STM
describe the second stage of memory
(short term memory) attention from the SM goes in. unrehearsed information is lost. if maintenance rehearsal occurs the memory goes into long term
describe the third stage of memory
(long term memory) if maintenance rehearsal occurs in STM then information gets encoded into the long term memory. possible to retrieve info from STM. Some info may be lost over time
list the four components of Baddeley’s model of working memory
phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, ventral executive and episodic buffer
list the three main categories of memory
sensory memory (SM) short term memory (STM) and long term memory (LTM)
list the two categories of long term memory and what they “remember”
explicit memory- conscious
implicit memory- unconscious
list one further category of explicit memory and one of implicit memory
explicit- declarative memory
implicit- procedural memory
declarative vs. procedural memory (what do they do?)
declarative- facts and events
procedural- skills and tasks
list and describe two categories of memory under declarative memory
episodic memory- events and experiences
semantic memory- facts and concepts
