Early Ancient Greek Civilizations Flashcards
1400-1100
Mycenaean Civilization
3000-1400
Minoan civilization
1100
Dorian Invasion
2800-1050
Bronze Age
Frescoe
Paintings done on walls when plaster was still wet
Minoan Art
Protogeometric Pottery
Degenerate form, lifeless designs
Used after Dorian Invasion
Geometric Pottery
Repeating patterns, Greek-Key and meander
Black figure
6th Century
Black figures on red background
Scenes of mythology
Red Figure
5th and 4th Centuries
Red figures on a black background
Scenes from life of times
Toreutics
Metal working
Penethea
Golden Age
How to make Bronze?
Blend of tin and copper
2400
Cretan civilization flourishes
Cretan resources
Wool and oil
Cretan palaces
KNOSSUS!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Phaetus, Mallia, Crossus, and Gartyn too
Thalassocrocy
Rule of the sea
Cretan King
Minos
Symbols for Cretan Monarchy
Labrys, Double Axe, Fleur-de-lis
1900
Earthquakes destroy Cretan palaces
1600
Everything in Crete is rebuilt
What did Crete have that was not equaled until the Victorian Age?
Plumbing
Daedalus
Architect of the Labyrinth
Labyrinth
Where Minotaur was kept
1400
Cretan palaces destroyed by Mycenaean Invaders
1287
Battle of Cadesh
Between Egyptians and Hittites
c. 1500
Eruption of Thera
Linear B
Inventory lists
Deciphered by Michael Ventris and John Chadwick
c. 1250
Final destruction at Knossus
Synoikismos
Closest bindings of communities
Chief entertainment of Crete
Bull fighting
Religion
NatureNatureNatureNatureNatureNatureNatureNatureNatureNature
NO OLYMPIAN GODS
Instead of temples, Crete had-
Altars
Velchanos
Crete’s Zeus
1900 AD
Sir Arthur Evans unearths Knossus
What connects Athens to Crete?
Theseus and the Minotaur
Rhyton
A drinking vessel in the forms of horns
Pelasgians
People of the sea
Hellenes
Greeks’ name for themselves
Hellas
Greece
Barbarian
Anyone who did not speak Greek
Helladic
All of Greek history before the Dorian Invasion
Hellenic
All of Greek history from the Dorian Invasion to the death of Alexander the Great
Polis
City-states
Rise in 8th century
Acropolis
Fortified hill
Isthmus Wall
Wall built across the isthmus of Corinth by the Mycenaeans
Magna Graecia
Italy
Rhetoric
Science of rhetoric
Originated in Athens and Sicily
Ionians
Lived around Attica
Athenians
Aeolians
Lived around Thessaly and Boeotia
Thebans
Dorians
Occupied most of the Peloponnese
Spartans
Achaeans
Mingled their blood with Pelasgo-Mycenaeans Was ruling class in 1600s & 1300s
Where were the Mycenaean palaces?
Mycenae and Tiryns
Megron
Large hall or reception room
When did Mycenaeans become the dominant people on the Greek Mainland?
1600
What was built leading into Mycenae?
Lions Gate
1879 AD
Heinrich Schliemann unearths Troy
1876 AD
Heinrich Schliemann unearths Mycenae
Schliemann found-
Lion’s Gate, Treasury of Atreus, Tomb of Clytemnestra, & Face of Agamemnon
1283
Pelops arrives in Elis
1261
Hercules is born
1225
Unification of Attica
Theseus becomes King of Athens
Oedipus becomes King of Thebes
1209
Hercules dies
1582
Cecrops founded Athens
1313
Cadmus founded Thebes
1192-1183
Trojan War
Who calculated the fall of Troy as 1183?
Eratosthenes
What caused the Trojan War?
The Greeks wanted to expand their trade
Homer
c. 850
From Chios
Called “The Poet”
Author of the Iliad and the Odyssey
What weapons did the Dorian Invaders use?
Iron
What was the main factor that spread the Greek Civilization?
Colonization
Where did the Dorians establish their capital?
Argos
What is the only area of the Peloponnesus not conquered by the Dorians?
Arcadia
What people were reduced to slavery by the Dorians?
Achaeans
Archimedes
Born in Syracuse
Built war engines for Heiron
1st Greek colony in Italy
Cyme(Cumae)
Pythagoras
Mathematician
“Love of wisdom”, 703
734
Founding of Corcyra
Cleruchy
Lot holders
Lelantine War
First major conflict in Greek History
8th century
Struggle between Chalcis and Eretria