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Greek History > Athenian Government & Empire > Flashcards

Athenian Government & Empire Flashcards

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0
Q

Solon’s legislation

A

Repealed Draco’s legislation(except concerning murder)
Divide Athens into four economic classes
Seisactheia
Embargo on all agricultural foods except olives and oil

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1
Q

594

A

Solon

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2
Q

Seisactheia

A

Cancellation of all debts

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3
Q

Axones

A

Wooden tablets

Solon laws inscribed on these

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4
Q

570

A

Solon is awarded Salamis by Sparta instead of Megara

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5
Q

According to Herodotus, Solon met with ___________, who considered him a very wise man.

A

King Croesus of Lydia

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6
Q

What was Solon’s motto?

A

“Avoid Excess”

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7
Q

Solon never tried to make himself a-

A

Tyrant

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8
Q

Solon is used as a term meaning-

A

Legislator

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9
Q

What was Solon’s occupation?

A

Poet, traveler, and lawgiver

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10
Q

Who established the Council of Four Hundred?

A

Solon

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11
Q

What was the Council of Four Hundred’s original duty?

A

To prepare the business of the Assembly

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12
Q

Heliaea

A

Body of 6,000 jurors

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13
Q

How long did Solon serve as archon?

A

22 years

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14
Q

Shore(Coast) party

A

Merchants

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15
Q

Plain Party

A

Wealthy landowners

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16
Q

Mountain(Hill) Party

A

Peasants and laborers

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17
Q

Which party did Pisistratus lead?

A

Mountain Party

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18
Q

556

A

Pisistratus’ first expulsion

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19
Q

550

A

Pisistratus’ return with Phye

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20
Q

549

A

Pisistratus’ second expulsion

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21
Q

546

A

Pisistratus’ third and final rise to power

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22
Q

How long did Pisistratus rule during his final reign?

A

20 years

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23
Q

527

A

Pisistratus’ death

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24
Q

Name Pisistratus’ sons

A

Hippias, Hipparchus, and Thessalus

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25
Q

Which over Pisistratus’ sons were not involved in politics?

A

Thessalus

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26
Q

Tyranicides

A

Aristogeniton and Harmodius

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27
Q

What tyrant did Aristogeniton and Harmodius kill?

A

Hipparchus

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28
Q

Who did Athens appeal to in order to overthrow Hippias?

A

Cleisthenes of the Alcaemonid family

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29
Q

Who else is a member of the Alcaemonids?

A

Megacles

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30
Q

“First free Athens”

A

Fake Delphic Oracle would repeat this to Spartans until they got rid of Hippias for Athens

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31
Q

What Spartan King drove out Hippias?

A

Cleomenes

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32
Q

510

A

Hippias expelled; Isagorus establishes an oligarchy

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33
Q

507

A

Cleisthenes restores democracy

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34
Q

Who is considered the “second founder of Athenian democracy”?

A

Cleisthenes

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35
Q

Cleisthenes’ legislation

A

Abolished four tribes and 360 clans
Divided Attica into 10 tribes and 30 trittyes
Council of Four Hundred is replaced by Council of Five Hundred

36
Q

Deme

A

Geographical district

37
Q

Metics

A

Foreign freemen

38
Q

Phratry

A

Brotherhood

39
Q

Strategos

A

General that joined the Polemarchos

40
Q

Who was Cleisthenes’ major rival?

A

Isagorus

41
Q

462

A

Council of Areopagus loses a bunch of power

42
Q

Ostracism

A

Exile
Name came from pieces of pottery called ostraka
Could keep property and citizenship

43
Q

Who was the first person to be ostracized? The last?

A

Hipparchus; Hyperbolus

44
Q

487-417

A

Years ostracism used

45
Q

Rule of the few

A

Oligarchy

46
Q

Rule of the People

A

Democracy(Insomnia)

47
Q

Festivals established by Pisistratus

A

Panathenaea and Dionysia

48
Q

Kerarneikos

A

Burial ground outside of Athens

49
Q

478

A

Gelon dies

Heiron becomes ruler of Syracuse

50
Q

Delian League

A

477
Protect and rescue cities from Persian re-conquest
Offset the cost of the war
Revenge on Persia

51
Q

Who decided how much each member contributed to the Delian Treasury?

A

Aristides, “The Just”

52
Q

What did Athens contribute to the Delian Treasury?

A

Ships

53
Q

Athens port was moved from ________ to ________.

A

Phaleron; Piraeus

54
Q

Who moved the Athenian port?

A

Themistocles

55
Q

458

A

Long Walls connect Athens to Piraeus

56
Q

Who was the architect of Piraeus?

A

Hippodamus

57
Q

474

A

Battle of Cyme

58
Q

Herodotus of Halicarnassus

A

484-440

“Father of History”

59
Q

471

A

Themistocles is ostracized

Pausanius is starved to death

60
Q

What son of Militiades brought home the bones of Theseus to Athens?

A

Cimon

61
Q

Who was Cimon’s main opponent?

A

Ephialtes

62
Q

469

A

Nazos is the first state to revolt from the Delian League

63
Q

Battle of Eurymedon

A

468

Double land battle

64
Q

Third Messenian War

A

464

Earthquake

65
Q

461

A

Cimon ostracized because of his pro-Sparta policy

66
Q

What Athenian statesman was ostracized because of his raising sea power and had later become the Persian provincial governor of Magnesia?

A

Themistocles

67
Q

Who ruled Athens during her Golden Age?

A

Pericles

68
Q

454

A

Delian Treasury moved from Delos to Athens

69
Q

451

A

Citizenship restricted

70
Q

Pericles

A

Elected strategos 30 consecutive years. Sacrificed army for navy. Moved Delian Treasury. Restricted citizenship. Initiated building of Long Walls. Foreign Policy - imperialism

71
Q

“Future Ages will wonder at us, as the present age wonders at us now.”

A

Pericles

72
Q

458

A

Battle of Aegina

73
Q

457

A

Battle of Tanagrea

Battle of Oenophyta

74
Q

456

A

Megabyzus drained canal of Nile, drives Greeks out of Egypt

75
Q

446

A

The Thirty Year Treaty

76
Q

How long did the Thirty Year Treaty last?

A

Three years

77
Q

440

A

Samos and Byzantium revolt from Delian League

78
Q

Who are the architects of the Parthenon?

A

Ictinus and Callicrates

79
Q

Phidias

A

Pericles’ sculptor
Made the “Athene Parthenos” and the “Olympian Zeus” out of gold and ivory
Targeted in order to indirectly attack Pericles

80
Q

Temple of Sunion

A

Dedicated to Poseidon

81
Q

Aeschylus

A

Wrote Persea

82
Q

Sophocles

A

Priest of Asclepius

83
Q

Anaxagorus

A

Teacher of Pericles

Expelled because taught the sun was not a god

84
Q

Socrates

A

“The unexamined life is not worth living”
Wisest man in the world
Greatest philosopher in the world

85
Q

Sophists

A

Educators that traveled throughout Greece

86
Q

Protagorus

A

415
First and greatest sophist
Banished because of book, On the Gods, that questioned the existence of Gods
“Man is the measure of all things”

87
Q

Name significant sophists.

A

Protagorus, Gorgias, Prodicus, and Hippias

88
Q

Erechtheum

A

It’s on the Acropolis

Greek History (10 decks)

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