Ear Flashcards
Describe the different parts of the ear
what nerves provide general sensation to the external ear?
Vagus nerve inside
facial nerve to cartilaginous outside
auriculotemporal (mandibular)
great auricular (C2, C3)
where is the external auditory meatus?
just posterior to the TMJ
How does the ear canal of an adult differ to that of a child?
in an adult= lateral 1/3 cartilaginous, and medial 2/3 bone
in child = lateral 2/3 cartilaginous and medial 1/3 bone
*in child pull down and back to observe ear canal, in adults pull up and back to observe ear canal*
the ear canal is lined with what?
wax = made by ceruminous glands
what are the different structures one migh observe on a tympanic membrane?
what are the three layers of the tympanic membrane?
three layers
- skin
fibrous connective tissue
respiratory epithelium
What is the nerve supply to the tympanic membrane?
externally- auriculotemporal, vagus and facial
deep = glossopharyngeal nerve
mdidle ear= glossopharyngeal, facial and nervus spinosus
the middle ear sits within which part of the temporal bone?
petrous part of the temporal bone
the middle ear is connected to the nasopharynx via which tube?
eustachian tube
what are the 8 muscles supplied by the mandibular nerve?
2 big ones (massester and temporalis)
2 small ones (anterior belly digastric and mylohyoid)
2 tensors (tensor pallatini and tensor tympani)
2 pterygoids (lateral/medial pterygoid muscles)
to test for facial nerve damage deep in the head, what can you test for?
test for ‘hyper acusis’ b/c the facial nerve supplis stapedius muscle- this tests if the nerve is damaged beyond the facial palsy
which nerves pass through the middle ear?
chorda tympani (facial)
lesser petrosal (glossopharyngeal)
What happens in cauliflower ear?
damage to the cartilage blocks blood supply to surrounding cartialage and leads to death of the cardilage
puncturing the tympanic membrane can lead to what?
to conductive deafness
