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Sp24 - General Neuroscience > (E2) 1 - Body Sensation > Flashcards

(E2) 1 - Body Sensation Flashcards

1
Q

What sensations do human respond to?

A

External (exteroception) and Internal (interoception)

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2
Q

What is exteroception?

A
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3
Q

What is interoception?

A
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4
Q

What are the 4 different structural classifications of neurons and describe them.

A
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5
Q

Sensory Neurons: Peripheral process/branch contain ____

A

Specific Receptors

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6
Q

Sensory Neurons: Central Process/Branch project to _____

A

Central Nervous System

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7
Q

Sensory information from the body is conveyed via ________ neurons with cell bodies located in ________.

A
  • pseudounipolar
  • dorsal root (spinal) ganglia
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8
Q

Central processes form ______

A

Dorsal Roots

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9
Q

Peripheral process courses from _____

A

receptors

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10
Q

Classification of Sensory Fibers in Peripheral Nerves
(Name the 4 types and their associated cutaneous nerves)

A
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11
Q

Information can travel faster in what types of axons?

A

Larger Diameter and Myelinated Axons

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12
Q

Smaller diameter axons convey _______
information

A

painful

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13
Q

Largest diameter axons convey ______

A

muscle & joint information for muscle nerves and types of touch for cutaneous nerves

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14
Q

What receptors do humans have?

A
  • Mechanoreceptors
  • Chemoreceptors
  • Thermoreceptors
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15
Q

Describe Mechanoreceptors.

A
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16
Q

Describe Thermoreceptors.

A
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17
Q

Describe Chemoreceptors

A
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18
Q

What unencapsulated nerve endings?

A

Free nerve endings

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19
Q

What are encapsulated nerve endings?

A
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20
Q

How many mechanoreceptors are found on glabrous skin?

A
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21
Q

Touch receptors are found throughout the skin. Many axons join to form the ________

A

peripheral nerve bundle

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22
Q

Describe Meissner corpuscle
(fiber type, detection, field size)

A
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23
Q

Describe Merkel cells.
(fiber type, detection, field size)

A
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24
Q

Describe Pacinian corpuscle
(fiber type, detection, field size)

A
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25
Describe Ruffini corpuscle (fiber type, detection, field size)
26
Ruddini and Pacinian corpuscles are considered ______ and are found in ________
- deep mechanoreceptors - dermis, fascia, and periodontium
27
________ detect muscle length and other contractile properties
Muscle spindles
28
What are the 2 types of skeletal muscle fibers (and if they have subtypes)
29
Describe Type Ia fibers (annulospiral)
30
Describe Type II fibers (secondary ending, flower-spray ending)
31
What are Golgi Tendon Organs?
32
Most motor axons terminate at _____ spinal cord
cervical
33
More_____ matter in cervical region than sacral region
white
34
Regions of most gray matter corresponds to _____
limbs
35
Few sensory axons enter the ____ spinal cord
sacral
36
Fibers are _______ organized throughout the central nervous system
somatotopically
37
Image - Somatotopic organization of the posterior columns
38
Pathway: What is the dorsal-column medial lemniscus system?
39
What is the posterior funiculus?
large region of white matter - it is divided into two columns (funiculus - large collection of fibers)
40
What is this?
Posterior dorsal columns
41
Describe the dorsal columns and their location in relation to each other
42
Dorsal-column medial lemniscus system: Where is cell body #1 found?
DRG
43
Dorsal-column medial lemniscus system: Where is cellbody #2 found?
44
Characteristics of DC-IML
45
What axons from mechanoreceptors in the body form the dorsal column?
46
DC-IML: Peripheral process have ____ receptors
sensory
47
DC-IML - Central process axons enter ____
spinal cord
48
DC-IML - Some synapses occur locally in spinal cord but most axons _________
ascend in posterior funiculus as posterior column
49
DC-IML: Forms _____ fasciculus - more medial
Gracile
50
DC-IML: 1st neuron is below T6 is coming from ____
lower limb and lower trunk
51
DC-IML: 1st neuron at T6 and above is coming from ________
upper limb and upper trunk
52
DC-IML: Forms _____ fasciculus - more lateral
Cuneate
53
DC-IML: 1st neuron synapses in the ______ on either ________
54
DC-IML: 2nd neurons are in the ________
Gracile and Cuneate nuclei
55
DC-IML: Describe the course of axons in the 2 neurons - what are they called?
56
DC-IML: 2nd neuron axons that are contralateral form _____
Medial Lemniscus
57
Describe the position of the medial lemniscus in the brainstem
58
DC-IML: 3rd neuron is located in the ______
59
DC-IML: 3rd neuron axons pass through _____ to ________
60
*Image* - Posterior Limb of Internal Capsule
61
What is the Spinothalamic Tract and what does it convey?
62
STT: 1st neuron cell body in ______
DRG
63
STT: Peripheral process has ____ receptor or ______
64
STT: Central processes enter spinal cord and synapse _____
within dorsal horn (different from DC-IML pathway)
65
_________ fibers are unmyelinated or have little myelin and also ascend or descend 1 or 2 levels before synapsing in dorsal horn
Pain and temperature
66
Pain and temperature fibers pass through _____
Posterolateral Tract (lissauer's tract)
67
*Image* - Cytoarchitecture of SC - Lamina
68
STT: 2nd neuron has cell body in ______
Lamina I and V of dorsal horn
69
STT: 2nd neuron decussates at _______ and forms _______
70
STT: 3rd neuron has cell body in _______
VPL of thalamus
71
STT: 3rd neuron axons project through _______ and to _______
72
Some spinothalamic axons (2nd neuron) project to other areas. What are they?
73
What is the periaqueductal gray?

Sp24 - General Neuroscience (11 decks)

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