Dynamic Culture Flashcards
Hofstede (1984)
IND-COL
Ind and Col describes relationship between individuals and their relationship with the group
Ind: prefer to act as individuals rather than group, prioritise self
Col: integrated into strong, cohesive in-groups and will often sacrifice personal gain for group benefit
Initially 2 extremes on continuum but now separate dimensions as not always neg correlated
VC and HI most typical
Triandis (1995)
Weighting
Vertical and horizontal IND-COL
Culture can have mixture of all e.g. US is 40% HI, 30% VI, 20% HC, 10% VC
Japan is collectivist so weighting is very different - highly VC
Nisbett (2003)
Distal diffs
Distal differences in culture e.g. language, religion etc which lead to differences in how we think. Implies culture is fixed and can’t be changed
Billing and Sherman (1998)
Spices
In hot countries, where eating pathogen infected meat is more likely, more spices are used. Especially ones that are effective at killing food-borne pathogens
Trifamov et al (1991)
SDFF
Similarities and differences between friends and family (SDFF) - priming method where ask ppts to either think about similarities or differences you have with friends or fam - primes to be IND or COL
Nisbett (2001)
Symbol
Symbol viewing - e.g. if you wanted to prime someone to be IND you may show pic of US flag and statue of liberty as US is IND
Oyserman and Lee (2007)
Can culture be primed?
State that cultural orientation can be primed
Marian and Kaushanskaya (2004)
Russian
Russian immigrants to US recalled sig more self-focused memories when speaking English compared to Russian - reflects IND trait to self-prioritise
Latane (1996)
Dynamic Social Impact Theory
Dynamic social impact theory. Can influence each other in how often we interact - regular interaction can cause norms in the group. Transferring culture
