During trial Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

factors influencing during the trial

A

defendant characteristics
expert witness testimony
story models
witness characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

defendant characteristics (race)

A

Race
Bradbury and williams - 2013 - black defendant more likely to be convicted by white and hispanic jurors and less likely by black

Skolnick and shan 1997 - jury and defendant same ethnicity = less likely to find defendant guilty. White jurors were more likely to find a black not guilty (don’t want to be seen as racist)

Abwender and Hough 2001

  • black ppts showed leniency to own race
  • hispanics showed opposite
  • white didn’t show any racial bias
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

3 defendant characteristics

A

race
attractiveness
accent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

defendant characteristics (attractiveness)

A

Abwender and Hough - female jurors were found to be harsher to an unattractive defendant males opposite (villains in films portrayed as unattractive)

Sigall and Ostrove 1975 - 120 ppts make sentence recommendations for fraud or burglary. ppts asked to rate Barbra Helms attractiveness then give prison sentence 1-15 years. Barbra Helms sentenced longer for fraud and shorter for burglary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

defendant characteristics (accent)

A

Dixon and Mahoney 1997- ppts given transcript and tape to listen to different accents

  • strong brume accent considered more guilty
  • black with brummie were more guilty
  • ppts were white and non brummie
  • study repeated un 2002 and 2004 and same outcome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

evaluation of defendant characteristics

A
  • lab settings so lacks ecological validity
  • too many controlled variables so not applicable
  • other factors influence jury decision making such as past experience
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

expert witness testimony

A

often used to give scientific credibility to evidence

  • experts warn jury about reliability of witness evidence
  • this reduces trust in some evidence
  • but does not distinguish good from bad

Cutler et al 1989 - jurors more likely to give guilty verdicts when the expert witness used easy-to-understand language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

story models

A

complex info = jurors pick out key facts and create story to make sense

Pennington and Hastie 1990

  • jury given account in easy to understand order = 78% of ppts gave guilty verdicts
  • account not in logical order = 31% ppts gave guilty verdicts
  • legal representatives should consider how they structure legal arguments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

witness characteristics

A

confident authoritarian witness may influence jury as more persuasive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly