DTP Oxygen

Question 1

Oxygen drug class

Answer 1

Gas

Question 2

Pharmacology of oxygen

Answer 2

• Colourless, odourless gas
• Essential for the production of cellular energy
• Constitutes 21% of the earth’s atmosphere

Question 3

Metabolism of oxygen

Answer 3

N/A

Question 4

Indications of oxygen

Answer 4

• Hypoxia / hypoxaemia

- Assist organ oxygenation in pts with poor perfusion

Question 5

Contraindications of oxygen

Answer 5

• Known paraquat poisoning

- Lung disease secondary to bleomycin therapy

Question 6

Precautions for oxygen

Answer 6

• Prolonged exposure to premature neonates

- High concentrations to COAD pts with hypoxia drive

Question 7

Side effects of oxygen

Answer 7

• Drying of the mucous membranes of the airway

- Hypoventilation in COPD pts with hypoxia drive

Question 8

Presentation of oxygen

Answer 8

C size cylinder = 450 L

D size cylinder = 1600 L

Question 9

Onset, duration and half life of oxygen

Answer 9

Onset immediate all else n/a

Question 9

Special notes for oxygen

Answer 9

1. Underwater diving and diving accidents, officers are to admin high flow oxygen.
2. The administration of oxygen to correct hypoxaemia is evidence based. Severe hypoxaemia is harmful
3. QAS spO2 monitors are unable to differentiate between carboxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin, therefore in the setting of carbon monoxide poisoning officers are to administer high flow O2 irrespective of saturations.
4. If a COAD pt sustains a critical illness / injury then the saturations for that treatment takes precedence.
5. For pts with COAD nebulised salbutamol is to be delivered at 6 lpm.

Question 10

Critical illnesses in adults requiring HIGH levels of

supplemental oxygen

Answer 10

• Major head injury
• Major pulmonary haemorrhage
• Carbon monoxide poisoning
• Near-drowning
• Cardiac arrest OR resuscitation
• Shock
• Sepsis
• Anaphylaxis
• Major trauma
• Pregnancy and obstetric emergencies

Question 11

Adult dose of Oxygen for Critical Illness requiring HIGH levels of supplemental oxygen

Answer 11

BVM / NRBM @ 15 L/min
-until vitals normal -> reduce O2 to aim for
Target SpO2 94-98%

Question 12

Adult dose of Oxygen for Serious illness with hypoxemia requiring MODERATE levels of supplemental oxygen

Answer 12

SpO2 85%
= NC @ 2-4 L/min or SFM @ 5-10 L/min
= Target of 94-98% SpO2

Question 13

Serious illness in adults requiring MODERATE levels of supplementary oxygen

Answer 13

• Acute hypoxaemia (cause unknown)
• Acute asthma
• Pneumonia
• Lung cancer
• Post-operative breathlessness
• Pulmonary embolism
• Pleural effusion/s
• Deterioration of lung fibrosis or other interstitial lung disease
• Acute heart failure
• Severe anaemia

Question 14

COPD and other conditions in adults requiring CONTROLLED

or LOW DOSE SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN

Answer 14

• COPD
• Exacerbation of cystic fibrosis
• Chronic neuromuscular disorders
• Chest wall disorders
• Morbid obesity

Question 15

Adult dose of Oxygen for Condiitions requiring CONTROLLED or LOW dose oxygen therapy

Answer 15

=NC @ 2-4 L/min
=Target 88-92% SpO2
If still <88% SpO2
= SFM @ 5-10 L/min
= Target of 88-92% SpO2

Question 16

Conditions in adults NOT requiring supplemental oxygen unless the patient is hypoxaemic

Answer 16

• Stroke
• Hyperventilation or dysfunctional breathing
• AMI/ACS
• Poisoning with paraquat OR bleomycin use
• Most poisonings and drug overdoses
• Metabolic and renal disorders
• Acute or subacute neurological and muscular conditions producing muscle weakness.

Question 17

Adult dose of Oxygen for Oxygenation monitoring when oxygen therapy not required unless Hypoxaemic

Answer 17

SpO2 < 85%
= NRBM @ 15 L/min
= Target 94-98% SpO2
= NC @ 2-4 L/min or SFM @ 5-10 L/min
= Target SpO2 94-98%

Question 18

Paediatric Dose of Oxygen for Significant illness AND/OR Injury

Answer 18

BVM / NRBM 15 L/min